Objective Based on the theory of planned behavior, this qualitative study attempted to explore the influence of personal and social levels on prostate cancer screening behavior towards men over 40 years old. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 men over 40 (n = 21) in a health check-up center. The interviews were analyzed using the Collazzi's phenomenological method. Results 57.14% respondents performed PSA test,but almost of them all belong to involuntary and non-autonomous screening. 70% respondents indicated they would screen prostate cancer according to doctors' recommendations. 50% respondents believed that screening should be performed after symptoms appear and emphasized the convenience of including items in the health check-up package. 10% respondents considered screening as an opportunity to obtain psycho-social support. In addition, cognitive impairment and cancer fatalism are obstacles. Of course, external economic conditions and access also have a definite impact. Conclusion This study provided a reference for understanding the complexity and uniqueness of influencing factors of prostate cancer screening willingness in China. As for potential challenges of insufficient prostate cancer screening in China, these findings also provide interventions that can be used to guide prostate cancer screening projects.

Objective To explore the factors influencing the willingness to screen for prostate cancer in middle-aged and elderly men, and to provide a basis for improving the status of insufficient prostate cancer screening in my country, and to improve the overall prognosis and quality of life of prostate cancer patients in my country. Methods Using phenomenological research methods to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews with 21 middle-aged and elderly men, using MAXQDA software and Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method for coding, analysis and subject extraction. Results Based on the theoretical framework of planned behavior, the influencing factors of the willingness to screen for prostate cancer in middle-aged and elderly men can be refined into three themes of behavior attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control, and 12 sub-themes of its sub-themes. Conclusion The willingness of middle-aged and elderly men to screen for prostate cancer is affected by many factors. Medical and health workers should adopt a variety of comprehensive interventions to guide the reasonable screening of middle-aged and old men to promote their prostate cancer screening behaviors.