This study was carried out to determine some natural plant and the ethnobotanical properties of these plants and ıt was carried out in seven villages of the central district of Bayburt. As a result of the study, it was determined that 92 taxa belonging to 36 families have ethnobotanical characteristics with the information obtained from the informant people. The families, scientific names, usage purposes, and traditional usage forms of these plant taxa that have ethnobotanical importance have been explained. Of these plants that spread naturally and continue to be used; 18 taxa consumed as food, 12 taxa as food and medicinal, 25 taxa as medicinal, 2 taxa as fruit, 12 taxa as fruit and medicinal, 8 taxa used as aromatic (spice) and 7 taxa as aromatic and medicinal. Of these plants leaf (36 taxa), flower (24 taxa), fruit (15 taxa), seed (12 taxa), root (9 taxa), stem (8 taxa), above ground (6 taxa), branch (5 taxa), shoot (2 taxa), tuber (1 taxon), corm (1 taxon), bark (1 taxon) components were used. It has been recorded that 25 taxa used for other purposes broom (3 taxa), basket (1 taxa), toy (3 taxa), dye (2 taxa), decorative (6 taxa), firewood (10 taxa) have ethnobotanical uses. In the study area; Rumex alpinus L. and Rumex crispus L. of Polygonaceae family, Rosa foetida J.Herrm., Rosa spinosissima L., Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. of the Rosaceae family, Chenopodium album L., and Atriplex nitens Schkuhr belonging to the family Amaranthaceae has been determined commonly used wild plants.

The aim of the study was to estimate the payback period of rangeland improvement investments made under the coordination of the Eastern Anatolia Agricultural Research Institute (EAARI) in the Eastern Anatolia region, Turkey. Farm data were collected from randomly selected rangeland-dependent dairy cattle farms through face-to-face interviews, which resulted in 99 completed questionnaires. Additionally, the data for rangeland improvement studies were obtained from the EAARI. The villages of study were selected from those for which rangeland condition had been determined previously. The data collected by structured questionnaires were for the 2004–05 production year. The farms were studied under three farm size groups of 0–12, 12.1–25 and 25+ ha. Gross margins were calculated for each studied farm. In the analysis of the data, stepwise regression, multiple linear regression and descriptive statistical methods were used. Of the 17 variables considered, only four variables entered to the log-linear livestock gross margin model. These were the type of building used by livestock in winter, cattle and sheep numbers and rangeland condition. Using estimates of the average values of the unit costs of rangeland improvement and additional incomes due to the improvements, it was estimated that on average each Turkish lira invested in rangeland improvement studies could be amortised in three grazing seasons.

Living conditions in Turkey has been changed considerably during Covid-19 pandemic. This phase has changed people's normal lives, habits such as eating, resting, and shopping and pushed them to different pursuits. This study aimed to obtain data on the consumption preferences of medicinal and aromatic plants. The survey was conducted in the autumn of 2020. Choices and health services that are effective in the consumption of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant (MAP) of consumers are estimated by statistics and logit regression model to the data obtained from the surveys. It was determined that the coronavirus pandemic increased the consumption of medicinal and aromatic plants by 76%. The plants with the highest consumption during the pandemic were recorded as rosehip, linden, mint, and ginger. Green tea and udihindi were the most consumed medicinal and aromatic plants per month. According to logit regression analysis results; age, duration of use, price, benefit, side effect, access to the chemical, additive, and hope variables increased the consumption of medicinal and aromatic plants and the likelihood of purchasing during the pandemic. It is thought that consumption of MAPs will become widespread and increase during the pandemic.

This study estimated the financial losses associated with lower milk yields in the relatively poor rangeland conditions of the Erzurum Province in Turkey and the factors contributing to the lower milk yields associated with the state of the rangelands, the type of grazing livestock and the demographics of the farmers. The study was conducted in 11 villages in Erzurum Province in 2006 and 2007. The following variables were considered in the study: year, number of milking days in grazing season, age and level of education of the farmers, cattle breed, supplementary feeding during the grazing period, lactation number of the cows, rangeland condition, stocking rate of the rangelands, altitude, the proportion of small ruminants in the herd and the percentage of bare ground of the rangelands. According to the least-squares regression analysis, altitude, stocking rate, the number of milking days in the grazing season and the percentage of bare ground had negative effects on milk yield, whereas all other factors significantly increased milk yield. It was estimated that a 10% deterioration in rangeland condition would result in a reduction in daily milk yield of 1.23 kg per cow, 62 kg ha–1 of rangelands and 1255 kg per farm in a 120-day grazing period. It was also found that the use of concentrate supplements during the grazing season was not cost-effective.

ürün yetiştirme sezonunda şansa bağlı tam bloklar deneme deseninde 3 tekrarlamalı olarak incelenmiştir. İki yıllık sonuçlara göre incelenen genotiplerin Erzurum şartlarındaki performanslarında önemli farklılıklar görülmüştür. 15 ve 10 numaralı hat ve Özkaynak çeşidi en yüksek tohum verimine sahip olmuşlardır. Bununla birlikte hasat indeksinde Taşkent, kışı geçirme oranında ise Özkaynak çeşidi ilk sırayı almıştır.