Purpose of the study: The paper examines the waves of criticism on the Indonesian government's violations in the implementation of the Helsinki agreement 2005 between Indonesia and the Aceh National Liberation Front (GAM). The question is, why the Aceh government which is controlled by GAM is retaining and loyal to the peace treaty when the Government of Indonesia has less attention. The objective of this research is to identify the latent interest in the post-conflict period. Methodology: By the qualitative method, data from the Aceh region were collected by interviewing selected informants from stakeholders in parliament, bureaucrats, academicians, local parties' leaders, and ex-combatants. Main Findings: The findings show that the existence of the idea of self-government in Aceh societies is still maintained, and peace agreement becomes a new document of struggle in a democratic system. Applications of this study: This research is useful for those who involved in the peace agreement including the Conflict Management Initiative and the European Union who initiated the peace to find common ground on the issue of the implementation of all points in the agreement which has not been realized until now. Novelty/Originality of this study: The research argues that Aceh government that dominated by GAM exponents, has efforts to defend the treaty as a legal-political instrument to reach the self-government’s status with its main elements namely local parties, the Aceh Guardian institutions, and recognition of Aceh society with flag and hymn as continuity of ideological movement. It implicates the dynamic of relations between the center and the regional government.

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<p class="06IsiAbstrak"><span lang="EN-GB">The Muslim Brotherhood (MB) is an obstacle that disrupts Qatar's relations with its neighbors in the Gulf, especially Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Qatar's different position with the fellow Gulf countries towards Muslim Brotherhood became one of the problems that caused the estrangement of the relationship. The dispute led to demands that Qatar ends its support for the Muslim Brotherhood. However, Qatar remains unmoved in maintaining good relations with the Muslim Brotherhood. This article aims to answer why Qatar retains its relationship with the Muslim Brotherhood amid the severing of diplomatic ties from fellow Gulf countries. This research uses qualitative research methods with library studies. This study uses secondary data obtained from books, journals, and the internet, which are then interpreted and concluded utilizing the concept of nested power. This article finds that Qatar maintains its relationship with the Muslim Brotherhood to maintain national political stability by accommodating the Muslim Brotherhood in government circles, especially in education and da'wah. Meanwhile, Qatar utilizes the global MB network at the regional and international levels to lift Qatar's branding as an essential actor in the Muslim world and the Globe.</span></p>

This paper examines the ineffectiveness ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution (AATHP). A question that's been trying to be explained on this paper is Why ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution can't run effectively. All this time, the explanation being used that ineffectiveness of AATHP implementation caused by Indonesia who not ratified yet its agreement. It considered as logic because Indonesia is the primary cause of smog that will be tackled by AATHP. The writer's main argument is ineffectiveness of AATHP influenced by non-interference principle on ASEAN, which really strong and reflected in the content of the agreement which made AATHP legalization is low (soft law). Therefore, with the weak legally binding, even Indonesia ratified the agreement, still the prospect implementation of the effectiveness is low. Keywords: ASEAN, haze pollution, non-interference, Special economic zone, soft law. AbstrakTulisan ini membahas masalah ketidakefektifan ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution (AATHP). Pertanyaan yang coba dijelaskan dalam tulisan ini adalah mengapa ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution tidak mampu berjalan secara efektif. Selama ini penjelasan yang sering dikemukakan bahwa ketidak efektifan implementasi AATHP disebabkan oleh belum meratifikasinya Indonesia terhadap perjanjian tersebut. Hal ini dianggap logis karena Indonesia adalah penyebab utama bencana kabut asap yang akan ditanggulangi dalam AATHP. Argumen utama penulis adalah ketidakefektifan AATHP dipengaruhi oleh prinsip non-interference dalam ASEAN yang sangat kuat tecermin dalam isi perjanjian yang menjadikan ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution memiliki legalisasi lemah (soft law). Maka dengan sifat mengikat secara hukum yang lemah dalam perjanjian ini, seandainyapun Indonesia meratifikasinya tetap saja prospek efektivitas implementasinya rendah. Kata Kunci: ASEAN, polusi asap. Non-intervensi, zona ekonomi khusus, soft law. PENDAHULUANSalah satu tantangan yang dihadapi oleh ASEAN sebagai organisasi kerja sama regional di Asia Tenggara adalah isu keamanan non-tradisional. Isu keamanan non-tradisional adalah perluasan makna dari keamanan tradisional yang mencakup keamanan lingkungan yang berkaitan erat dengan kerusakan lingkungan,kelangkaan sumber daya dan konfllik (Collin dalam Cipto, 2006: 223). Isu yang paling menjadi perhatian negara-negara ASEAN adalah kebakaran hutan yang terjadi hampir setiap tahun. Kebakaran hutan menimbulkan kabut asap yang menyelimuti beberapa negara dan mengakibatkan kerugian baik ekologis, ekonomi maupun kesehatan.Periode kebakaran hutan yang terbesar terjadi disepanjang tahun [1997][1998] 1 . Hampir 10 juta hektar hutan hangus terbakar, kurang lebih 20 juta

Usaha Micro dan Kecil (UMK) binaan Pimpinan Ranting Muhammadiyah di Desa Parangtritis, meliputi usaha mebel/pertukangan dan perdagangan ikan laut/tawar. Usaha-usaha itu telah berjalan dengan baik sebelum pandemi, namun, setelah terjadi wabah covid-19, mengalami penurunan omset, bahkan asset, karena berkurangnya pembeli dari luar daerah. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh kelompok UMK ini, antara lain, berkurangnya jumlah pembeli, terutama dari luar daerah karena berkurangnya jumlah pengunjung ke Parangtritis. Pengabdian ini melaksanakan program pelatihan pemasaran online untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam program ini adalah  menerapkan teknologi informasi pembuatan akun media social dan blog sebagai media pemasaran produk UMK. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah pemasaran produk yang signifikan, yakni naik sebesar 50% atau hampir mendekati penjualan di masa normal sebelum pandemi. Hasil ini menimbukan optimisme pelaku UMK untuk segera bangkit dan lebih mengembangkan usahanya. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemasaran online melalui multi-platform social media sangat efektif untuk meningkatkan penjualan UKM.