␤-Lactam resistance in Haemophilus parasuis is an emerging phenomenon that has not yet been characterized from a molecular perspective. Clinical high-level ␤-lactam-resistant isolates from Spain bore a novel plasmid, pB1000, expressing a functionally active ROB-1 ␤-lactamase. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was applied for the first time to H. parasuis and showed that ␤-lactam resistance is due to clonal spread of a resistant strain, BB1018, bearing pB1000.

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The objective was to know the principal risk factors that influence in the development of surgical would infection, and the economical saving achieved with the control of a single variable, that is, right prophylaxis. A prospective study was carried out at the Traumatology Department of La Paz Hospital. A total of 5260 patients operated during 1990-1993 are included. Active epidemiological surveillance was used to check patients; logistic regression was used in the multivariant analysis. The principal risk factors found were: immunodeficiency (OR = 8.67), incorrect healing (OR = 14.42), reoperated patient (patients who needed more than one surgical procedure while they are admitted; reoperations) (OR = 3.57), type of surgery (OR = 4.71) and wrong prophylaxis (OR = 6.36). Making constant all the variables except for prophylaxis, we calculated the percentage of infections prevented by a right prophylaxis, and the cost was calculated starting from the number of extra days of infection. The number of infections prevented during the four years was 310, saving a total of 194 million pesetas (1.5 million dollars), due to right prophylaxis. Cost-benefice ratio = 1/17. We consider of special importance to control this manipulable risk factor, in order to avoid the development of infections.

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La desnutrición proteico-calórica es una complicación frecuente en los pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica (ERC). Estudios recientes inciden en la desnutrición como un marcador que disminuye la calidad de vida de estos pacientes y aumenta su morbimortalidad. Objetivos: Evaluar el estado nutricional de los pacientes ingresados en nuestra unidad de nefrología y valorar su evolución durante el ingreso. Valorar el porcentaje de ingesta de la dieta pautada durante el ingreso a través de un registro.