Communication technology development has influenced adolescent food choices and intakes. This study aimed to investigate the association between social media exposure to food and beverage content and nutrient intake among female adolescents. The study was conducted in a cross-sectional design. The targeted population was 104 female students aged 14–18 years old at 'XY' High School in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Eighty-one subjects were chosen by clustered random sampling. Data were collected by interviews using structured questionnaires and a 3x24-hour recall method. Data analyses were conducted by chi-square, Fisher exact tests, and logistic regression. The median and standard deviations of social-media, the duration, frequency, and the number of accounts were 2.3±3.00 hours/access, 2.0±2.00 times/day, and 3.6±2.46 accounts/access, respectively. Mean and standard deviations of adequacy levels for energy 107.4±15.39% and protein 124.8±25.8%. Duration of social-media exposures (p-value = 0.040) and body image (p-value= 0.040) were associated with food selection. Food selection was associated with energy (p-value = 0.003) and protein (p-value = 0.002) adequacy levels. After controlling for body image, social-media exposure duration > 2.3 hours had an OR of 3.4 for selecting the accessed foods. It was concluded that social media exposure duration was associated with food selection, which was then associated with energy and protein intakes.

Latar belakang: Berdasarkan Data Riskesdas 2018, Provinsi DKI Jakarta menempati posisi ke-2 obesitas sentral tertinggi di Indonesia, dengan total 42% penduduk usia ≥15 tahun. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian obesitas sentral pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun di Provinsi DKI Jakarta berdasarkan data sekunder Riskesdas 2018.Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel adalah seluruh populasi, yaitu 988 remaja usia 15-18 tahun. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder Riskesdas 2018. Instrumen meliputi kuesioner terstruktur dengan buku pedoman pengisian kuesioner, serta alat ukur yang terbuat dari bahan fiberglass untuk melakukan pengukuran lingkar perut dengan tingkat ketelitian 0,1cm. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji hubungan Chi Square.Hasil: Prevalensi obesitas sentral pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun di DKI Jakarta adalah 14,1%. Terdapat hubungan faktor jenis kelamin (p=0.001) dan status merokok (p=0,033) dengan obesitas sentral. Tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan (p=0,104), kondisi mental emosional (p=0,100), konsumsi alkohol (p=0,553), usia (p=0,238), aktivitas fisik (p=0,323), konsumsi makanan berlemak (p=0,276), konsumsi makanan dan minuman manis (p=0,330), dan konsumsi sayur dan buah (p=0,398) dengan obesitas sentral.Simpulan: Kejadian obesitas sentral pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun di Provinsi DKI Jakarta berdasarkan data sekunder Riskesdas 2018 berhubungan dengan faktor status merokok dan jenis kelamin.Kata kunci: Obesitas Sentral; Remaja; Riskesdas 2018ABSTRACTTitle: Related Factor to The Incidence of Central Obesity among Adolescents Aged 15-18 Years in DKI Jakarta Province (Analysis of Riskesdas 2018)Background : According to Riskesdas 2018, DKI Jakarta province ranked the 2nd highest position of central obesity in Indonesia with a total of 42% of the population aged ≥15 years. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of central obesity among adolescents aged 15 to 18 years in DKI Jakarta P rovince based on secondary data from Riskesdas 2018.Method:The type of research used is quantitative descriptive with a cross sectional approach. The study population was 988 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years. The research instruments used in Riskesdas 2018 consisted structured questionnaire with a guidebook for filling out the questionnaire, as well as measuring instruments made of fiberglass to measure the circumference of the abdomen with an accuracy of 0.1cm. The statistical test used is the frequency distribution and the Chi Square correlation test.Result: The prevalence of central obesity among adolescents aged 15 to 18 years in DKI Jakarta is 14.1%. There is a relationship between gender (p=0.000) and smoking status (p=0.033) with central obesity. There was no relationship between education level (p=0,104), mental emotional condition (p=0,100), alcohol consumption (p=0,553), age (p=0,238), physical activity (p=0,323), consumption of fatty foods (p= 0.276), consumption of sweet foods and drinks (p=0.330), consumption of vegetables and fruit (p=0.398) with central obesity. Central obesity among adolescents aged 15-18 years in DKI Jakarta province is influenced by smoking status and gender. Conclusion: The incidence of central obesity among adolescents aged 15-18 years in the DKI Jakarta Province based on 2018 Riskesdas secondary data is associated to smoking status and gender.Keywords: Central Obesity; Adolescent; Riskesdas 2018

Background: Leptospirosis is a health problem that causes death in Indonesia. In 2017, Boyolali District was reported that the number of leptospirosis cases reached 40.62 per 100,000 population with a CFR of 23.52%. The determination of risk factors and Leptospira bacteria's presence in the body of water plays an essential role in the transmission of leptospirosis.Design and methods: This study aims to determine the risk factors and Leptospira bacteria's presence in water bodies in Boyolali District. This research is descriptive research with a survey method using a cross-sectional design and an analytical study using an observational method with a case-control approach. The sample was 100 water samples from wells, rivers, and paddy fields in endemic and non-endemic areas of leptospirosis. This study's population was 34 people with leptospirosis in Boyolali Regency in January 2017 - August 2018.Results: There was a significant relationship between leptospirosis incidence in the Boyolali Regency with garbage, the pet presence, a history of injuries, and field activity. Leptospira bacteria are found in rivers (18.18%) and rice fields (6.67%), while in sub-districts with cases occur almost every year. Leptospira are found in wells (18.18%) and rice fields (6.67%).Conclusions: People should pay more attention to home sanitation and the surrounding environment to avoid leptospirosis.

Latar belakang: Pola makan beragam dan memenuhi kecukupan gizi akan mempengaruhi status gizi ibu menyusui. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan keragaman pangan dengan kecukupan gizi dan status gizi ibu menyusui di daerah pertanian Kecamatan Karangreja Kabupaten Purbalingga.Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel sebanyak 60 ibu menyusui bayi usia 0-6 bulan dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive. Keragaman pangan diukur menggunakan MDD-W dari FAO, kecukupan gizi diukur menggunakan food recall 2x24 jam, status gizi menurut IMT dan ukuran LILA, serta persen lemak tubuh dihitung menggunakan rumus prediksi Paul Deurenberg. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson dan Rank Spearman.Hasil: Ibu menyusui berusia 20-35 tahun, 61,7% menyelesaikan pendidikan dasar, 88,3% IRT, 86,7% menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal, 63,3% pendapatan keluarga <UMR, 66,7% jumlah anggota keluarga ≥ 4 orang, rerata skor keragaman pangan 5,57 (beragam), tingkat kecukupan energi, tingkat kecukupan protein, tingkat kecukupan karbohidrat ≤89% AKG (kurang), tingkat kecukupan lemak 90-110% AKG (normal),  tingkat kecukupan vitamin A ≥77% AKG (cukup), 65% persen lemak tubuh normal, 48,3% IMT kategori obesitas, dan 96,7% tidak berisiko KEK. Ada hubungan keragaman pangan dengan tingkat kecukupan vitamin A (p=0,000). Ada hubungan tingkat kecukupan protein dengan LILA (p=0,024). Ada hubungan persen lemak tubuh dengan IMT (p=0,000) dan LILA (p=0,000). Tidak ada hubungan keragaman pangan dengan IMT (p=0,426) dan LILA (p=0,433).Simpulan: Status gizi ibu menyusui tidak dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh keragaman pangan, namun, dipengaruhi oleh tingkat kecukupan protein, vitamin A dan persen lemak tubuh.Kata kunci: Keragaman Pangan; Kecukupan Gizi; Status Gizi; Ibu Menyusui; Daerah Pertanian ABSTRACTTitle: Relationship between Food Diversity with Nutritional Adequacy and Nutritional Status of Breastfeeding Mothers in Agricultural Area of Karangreja, Purbalingga RegencyBackground: The nutritional intake of breastfeeding mothers is still less than the nutrition adequacy rate because this is due to a less diverse diet. Consumption of various foods must be by the nutritional needs to achieve an ideal nutritional status. This study aims to analyze the relationship between food diversity with nutritional adequacy and nutritional status of breastfeeding mothers in agricultural area of Karangreja, Purbalingga Regency.Method:This type of research is analytic observational with a cross sectional design. Sample of 60 breastfeeding mothers infants aged 0-6 months with purposive sampling. Measurement of food diversity variables using Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) from FAO, nutritional adequacy using food recall 2x24 hours, nutritional status using Body Mass Index (BMI) and Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) measurements, and percent body fat using Paul Deurenberg's predictive formula. Data analysis used the Pearson correlation test and Rank Spearman.Result: The average food diversity score was 5.57(various); average energy adequacy, protein adequacy, carbohydrate adequacy level ≤89% RDA (lacking); average fat adequacy level 90-110% RDA (normal); average vitamin A adequacy level ≥77% RDA (adequate); as much as 65% percent of body fat is normal, 48,3% of BMI is obese, and 96.7% is not at risk of chronic energy deficiency. There was a relationship between food diversity and the adequacy level of vitamin A (p-value=0.001). There was a relationship between the protein adequacy level with MUAC (p-value=0.024). There was a relationship between percent body fat with BMI (p-value=0.001) and MUAC (p-value=0.001). There was no relationship between food diversity with BMI (p-value=0.426) and MUAC (p-value=0.433).Conclusion: Nutritional status of breastfeeding mothers was not directly affected by food diversity. However, it was influenced by protein adequacy level, vitamin A adequacy level, and percent of body fat.Keywords: Food  Diversity; Nutritional Adequacy; Nutritional Status, Breastfeeding Mothers; Agricultural Area