The article provides an analysis of potential available in corporate social responsibility (CSR) in regard to other activities conducted by Polish public relations (PR) experts and professionals. Different outlooks on social responsibility and PR are also presented in this article, including stakeholder engagement, relationships and practical determinants between them, taking into account practical circumstances characteristic for Polish environment. The hypothesis presented in the article indicates that CSR projects are one of the elements of a wide offer of PR activities offered in Poland, but they do not lie in a specialisation of agencies and are underrated by PR advisors when it comes to their usefulness in image creation. This hypothesis is backed by three independent research projects realised in years 2016–2019, conducted on a group of 852 PR specialists in Poland, which represented different types of organisations. This article is based on in‐house research on PR sector in Poland. Research data was gathered by interview questionnaires using quantitative methodology.

The paper presents a comparative look at the results of similar studies relating to the diagnosis of cooperation between the journalists and representatives of the PR industry in Poland. Comparable subjects, arising from the similarity of used research tools, as well as comparable attempts of the research on both environments provide good opportunities of drawing overlapping conclusions from the two research projects. Although standardization of the cooperation between journalists and PR professionals is very difficult and its description is limited by a number of variables and differentiating factors, comparing both studies makes it possible to draw conclusions about some changes or elements that have remained unchanged in relations PR managers -journalists in Poland over the last 11 years.

Ever since the Kotler's promotion-mix concept based on the most traditional model of four pillars -advertising, public relations, sales promotion and direct sales has become commonly known, PR has been treated as one of many, typically marketing, impact tools. This perception is particularly characteristic for the science of marketing management and publication. Meanwhile, it is often forgotten that public relations is the management of communication, which may be used in marketing communication, however it is a much broader meaningful concept, giving greater perspectives of use. This article refers to defining a place of public relations between two asymmetric areas of communication -social and marketing one. Basing on literature analysis, the authors define key factors differentiating both perspectives, they also evaluate the proposals for introducing new concepts into the media and communication terminology, indicating the distinctiveness of both conceptual categories.Public relations, as well as en bloc communication, is identified by its exceptional interdisciplinary character, deriving from the achievements of at least several scientific disciplines and even a greater number of sub-disciplines. Depending on the context of deliberations on PR, in Polish conditions, the most common is its relationship with two disciplines, although separated and different from each other, but in many areas, however, complementing each other -in the sciences of management and the sciences of the media and social communication. In addition, there are numerous connections with such disciplines as sociology, political sciences, psychology and many others, because the universal nature of interpersonal communication and the wide range of impact that PR strategies and tools result in a diverse spectrum of practical use of public relations' achievements. This is partly due to the fact that PR, as one of the tools used in marketing, is also common in increasingly diverse areas of social activities. Marketing itself is no longer the domain of enterprises and other entities, pursuing mercantile goals and 1

Care for the external and internal environment of the company, ethics and human resources, as well as the organizational culture, is a crucial element for the importance and competitive advantage of the company. It was especially noticeable during the SARS‐COV‐2 pandemic. Companies began to grapple with difficulties, which contributed to an increased interest in crisis management competencies. The pandemic has permanently changed the functioning of society and the image of many industries, including public relations. The analysis of changes in the demand of companies for CSR‐related activities after the pandemic becomes a valuable element of the direction of innovative research. Recognizing the interest, these aspects of the company were verified. The article uses data obtained in the course of the implementation of three independent research projects realized in Poland. The first study concerned crisis management from the perspective of a public relations agencies. The structures of the offer of public relations services (including CSR strategies) were examined. The responses of some public relations specialists regarding CSR and activities in this area after the COVID‐19 pandemic were extracted from the second research project. The last, third project involved specialists employed in PR agencies. The research area covered changes in the demand of companies for CSR‐related activities after the pandemic and the desired areas of training and personal development, with particular emphasis on CSR. The common denominator of all three projects is CSR campaigns and the way they are implemented by PR specialists.

The use of mass communication in the field of foreign language teaching is not a new phenomenon, because traditional media have been in use in this area for a few decades. Nowadays, however, several tendencies confirming the scale of this phenomenon can be observed. Mass media, and new media in particular, are used both in the process of self-education and as an important tool used by foreign language teachers. Technological progress, the communication revolution, the spread of the Internet, and the development of new media and mobile technologies offer modern and more effective methods of language education. This article reviews the conditions relating to the relationship between mass media and language learning, taking into account the possibility of using one of the key functions of mass communication, namely its educational function. The authors, using literature analysis, defined and analyzed the causes of specific symbiosis between media tools and technologies as well as the methodology used in the field of foreign language teaching.