Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 infection may be associated with a wide range of bacterial and fungal co-infections. Herewith a case of 46 year-old male patient of post COVID-19 developed co-infection. He had received steroid treatment and improved in last month. He is known case of diabetes type II since last one year and was on treatment. Now presented to our hospital having fever, facial pain, and swelling mid-face region. His RT-PCR test was positive. The CT scan of the nasal septum, medial walls of bilateral maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid and frontal sinuses exteding into bilateral nasal cavities. Features suggestive of infective pathology invasive fungal rhinosinusitis On clinical, radio imaging and on histopathological findings diagnosed as maxillary mucormycosis with actinomycosis. Conclusion: We are presenting this rare case of COVID-19 associated with co-infection of mucormycosis and actinomycosis for its clinical, radio imaging, and on histopathological findings. Key words: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Mucormycosis, Actinomycosis, Co-infections.
Urinary bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide.Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is an uncommon subtype of urinary bladder carcinoma.It is a malignant epithelial neoplasm arising in the urinary bladder demonstrating a pure squamous cell phenotype. On histopathology it is considered when tumor is showing pure squamous morphology without any component of conventional urothelial carcinoma. The SCC is a histologically distinct form of cancer. It arises from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells showing particular cytological or tissue architectural characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles or desmosomes. Majority of bladder SCC are high grade, high stage tumors with most cancers having muscle invasion at the time of diagnosis while overall about 80% of bladder cancers are non-muscle invasive bladder cancer at diagnosis.COX-2 is markedly expressed in all SCCs. An increased COX-2 level induces the development of SCC of the bladder affecting many biological features of this tissue including apoptosis, cell adhesion, angiogenesis and invasiveness.TERT promoter mutations, commonly found in conventional urothelial carcinoma, are also highly prevalent in urinary bladder squamous cell carcinoma suggesting a common tumorgenesis and potential utility as a molecular urine-based-screening assay.This review summarizes the current features related to clinical , pathological, and molecular features of SCC of urinary bladder.
Case Report Bronchogenic cyst is one of the broncho-pulmonary anomaly which is very rare. These cysts are mostly situated in the mediastinum near the carina and rarely within the lung parenchyma, pleura or diaphragm. Most are found incidentally and symptoms are related to compression of the trachea, bronchi or esophagus. We report a rare case of bilateral mediastinal bronchogenic cysts in a 19 weeks male abortus.
Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma is a rare and highly lethal form of kidney tumor. It is characterised by extensive chromosomal rearrangements. These tumors show microscopic features similar to spindle cell sarcoma with high cellularity and cellular atypia. Majority of cases represent rumours with 100% sarcomatoid pattern and no recognizable epithelial element. We present a case of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma to highlight the clinical features and aggressive nature of this tumor.
A 35 year female presented with gradually increasing swelling in inguinal region of 8 years which was painful during menses. On systemic examination no significant disease was noted. On local examination right inguinal region showed soft tissue nodular mass measuring 3x1.5x1cm.On ultrasonography showed soft tissue nodule suggestive of vascular lesion. Minimal pericapsulitis was noted .No abscess or necrosis was noted. Lesion was surgically excised and sent for histopathology. Grossly received single oval lymph node measuring 2.5x2x1 cm. Cut section was dark grey brown with areas of hemorrhages. On histopathology diagnosed as Capillary Cavernous Hemangioma of right inguinal lymph node. We are presenting this case for its extreme rarity, its clinical, radiological, histopathological presentation. Recognizing these vascular lesion entities in lymph node is essential to for diagnosis and to guide therapy. Key words: Intranodal tumor, Inguinal lymphadenopathy, Nodal hemangioma.
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