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Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic susceptibility to chronic periodontitis, conferred by the presence of the IL-6 -572GG genotype or the IL-10 -592A allele, influences the outcomes following a non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT)over a long period of time. Material and methods Thirty-seven chronic periodontitis patients were divided into two groups according to genotype as susceptible (SCP) and non-susceptible (NSCP). All subjects were clinically evaluated at baseline and 3 years following NSPT. Blood samples were collected at baseline from the individuals who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All participants received NSPT from a single periodontist who was blind to the genotype status of each patient. A statistical analysis was performed by comparing the variables between groups using the Mann-Whitney U test and between baseline and 3 years for each group using the Wilcoxon test. Results The mean age of the population was estimated to be 47.68±8.64 years and it included 51.4% females, 48.6% smokers, and 45.9% alcohol consumers. Following a genetic analysis, 70.3% of patients were homozygous carriers of the IL-6 -572G (IL-6 SCP), and 46.0% of them were carriers of the IL-10 -592A allele (IL-10 SCP). NSPT reduced all studied parameters (probing depth, attachment loss, bleeding on probing, percentage of sites with 4-6mm and ≥7mm pocket depth and attachment loss) to all participants, but the treatment outcome was not associated with the genotype. The SCP and NSCP individuals showed similar clinical parameters at baseline and at 3 years. Conclusions Within the limitations of this 3-year prospective cohort study in Caucasians diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, individuals susceptible to periodontal disease as determined by the presence of the IL-6 -572GG genotype or the IL-10 -592A allele showed similar treatment outcome following NSPT.

Background and Objective To assess the effects of the flapless application of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in combination with non‐surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) when compared to non‐surgical periodontal treatment alone in adult patients. Material and methods An electronic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus and Cochrane Library up to March 2021 complemented by a manual search. Human longitudinal studies of >5 participants and at least 3 months follow‐up were eligible for inclusion in the review. Clinical outcomes were extracted and pooled. Meta‐analysis of the included studies was not possible due to methodological differences. Results A total of 1199 publications were identified and reviewed for eligibility. Nine of them fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Eight studies were randomized clinical trials. The clinical findings of the majority of the included studies demonstrated that the adjunctive use of EMD with NSPT could lead to significantly improved treatment outcomes including higher PPD reduction, more CAL gain, more robust BOP reduction, higher number of sites with PPD < 5 mm and more frequent pocket closure which reduces the need for further periodontal surgical treatment. Limited biological, microbiological and histological findings were reported. Minimal adverse events were observed. Conclusion The flapless application of EMD during NSPT leads to an improved clinical outcome in regards to CAL gain and PPD reduction when compared to conventional treatment alone. The potential effect on the biological and microbiological outcome is unclear.

Pyogenic granuloma of the oral cavity is a common, non-neoplastic, vascular tumor. The etiology is not clear and it is suggested to be attributed to different factors. It might be caused by a reaction to a stimulus such as trauma, viruses such as HSV-1, hormonal changes, as well as other factors such as tooth eruption or medication.  Clinically it appears as a painless tumor that tends to bleed easily, with red color and rarely may be accompanied by a periodontal abscess and bone loss. Biopsy is the most common tool used for the diagnosis. Its treatment is usually surgical excision and lately the use of lasers for its excision has emerged. Special care should be given to pregnant women where the treatment varies. The aim of this review is to present the background of oral pyogenic granuloma and the case report presents the situation, histological image and treatment of an adult woman patient.

Introduction: Periimplantitis is a disease most commonly affecting dental implants placed in patients with a history of periodontal disease. It is still questionable if native bone is more resistant to periimplantitis than regenerated bone. Case presentation: A case of dental implant placed in regenerated bone in a patient with treated periodontal disease is presented. The patient is a male healthy adult, who lost the tooth #11 due to advanced periodontal disease. 4 weeks after tooth extraction, the alveolar ridge was augmented and the dental implant was placed 5 months after the guided bone regeneration. The dental implant was restored 3 months after placement. The patient was compliant with the periodontal recall appointments for 2 years. After a personal crisis, the patient neglected his oral hygiene and failed to follow his periodontal recall visits for 7 years. When he finally presented for a dental examination, the dental implant #11 showed significant bone loss and periodontal tissue inflammation. The site was treated conservatively and surgically treated and augmented-with a combination of xenograft, allograft and a collagen membrane-in order to achieve re-osseintegration. Conclusions: Patients with periodontal disease are at high risk for peri-implantitis. Regular recall visits are essential for maintenance of dental tooth and implant health, since treatment of peri-implantitis is a very demanding procedure.