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The phytochemical study of the 70% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Diplotaxis erucoides afforded one new flavonoid glycoside, namely kaempferol-3 1), named diploerucoside A and seven known compounds including one flavonoid (2), one phenolic glycoside (3), one monoterpene (4), one triterpene (5), one sitosterol ( 6) and two monoglycerolipids (7, 8). Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis including 1D-and 2D-NMR( 1 H, 13 C, 1 H-1 H COSY, HSQC and HMBC), mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and by comparison with the data reported in the literature.