Drug-induced gingival enlargement has been reported in patients treated with various types of anticonvulsant drugs, and is generally associated with the presence of plaque, gingival inflammation, and a genetic predisposition. Effective treatment includes daily oral hygiene and periodic professional prophylaxis. However, in some patients, surgical removal of the gingival tissue overgrowth becomes necessary. The patient in this case report was mentally impaired and had severe drug-induced gingival enlargement. This report describes the initial protocol, the gingivectomy, and a 2-year follow-up. A diode laser was used as an effective and safe method to remove the patient's overgrown gingival tissue.

Introduction: Mechanical ventilation (MV) is indicated in diverse clinical situations in which the individual develops acute or chronic respiratory failure. Objective: To evaluate the palate shape of preterm infants aged 12 to 24 months who were submitted to orotracheal intubation (OTI) and mechanical ventilation. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included preterm infants submitted to MV by OTI for at least seven days, who weighed less than 2000 g at birth, and were attended at the Preterm Infant Care Outpatient Clinic of the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo and the Premature Infant Outpatient Clinic of the Children's Institute of the Clinics Hospital of the School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo. Sociodemographic data were collected from neonatal medical records of the participating children. The oral cavity was examined to classify palate shape into square, narrow or ovoid. Statistical analyses were performed using the ANOVA F, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests, with a 5% significance level. Results: The mean period of OTI was 25.3 ± 25.8 days, and the children presented a significantly higher percentage of narrow shaped palate (p<0.001). Conclusion: The palate in preterm infants submitted to invasive MV by OTI is predominantly narrow and deep.

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Síndrome de Cornelia de Lange é uma anormalidade de desenvolvimento multisistêmica caracterizada por retardo cognitivo e de crescimento; dismorfi a craniofacial, malformações dos membros superiores; disfunção geniturinária e oftalmológica, hirsutismo e anomalias cardíacas e gastroesofágicas. Cílios longos e sobrancelhas arqueadas com sinófi ris, fi ltro longo com lábio superior fi no. Ponte nasal deprimida com narinas antevertidas também ocorre com frequência. Problemas dentários são frequentes e incluem: palato ogival, micrognatia, atraso na erupção, erosão dental, doença gengival e periodontal. Com base nessas observações, o presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever a frenectomia labial em um paciente com síndrome de Cornelia de Lange, de 19 anos de idade, gênero masculino, bem como as recomendações para o manejo clínico e controle do biofi lme dental.