Business development in the financial services sector improved competition among companies to give the best service to their customers. Having reliable services with a good communication network in the organization is the critical success of the company. This study aims to find the actors or people who influence organizations through formal and informal communication networks using Social Network Analysis (SNA). Information on casual and formal communication networks can be used by the HR department to measure the level of the social relationship of all employees that can improve their performance in the company. The author researched PT. BFI Salatiga. The results showed that tissue density was below 50% so that relationships were considered weak. The most dominant actor in degree centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality is the actor id#24 and id#29 from the collection division, actor id#27 from the operation division and actor id#30 from the credit division.

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WebGIS is an online-based application of Geographic Information System, this application is a combination of web design and web mapping. WebGIS is mainly used for publishing map-based spatial information. Therefore, the author utilized webGIS, in order to mapping area that prone to landslides by using scoring and weighting methods. Parameters that used in this paper referring to the estimation model by Puslittanak in 2004, the parameters were rainfall, rock type, slope, land use, and type of soil maps. The determination of area prone to landslides was carried out by multiplying score by weight for each parameter, subsequently, the result was added up according to the reference of Puslittanak. The result of this study indicates that there are 4 sub-districts with high disaster-prone level, the sub-districts are Ampel, Cepogo, Musuk, and Selo. The final result of the map processed into a webGIS by applying Google maps service and framework bootstrap; the webGIS can be accessed by internet browser.

Community-based ecotourism is an appropriate approach which is effectively preserved mangrove sustainability. As an effort to identify the priority areas of mangrove development, mangrove density levels need to be analyzed. The distribution of mangroves with the lowest average density value needs to be prioritized as a preservation and conservation strategy through community-based ecotourism concept. This article aims to identify the distribution of mangroves using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) model in North Halmahera Regency, Indonesia. Also, discuss the sustainable livelihoods' perspective. This study adopted a mixed-method. Data processing is divided into two stages: first stage, mapping the distribution of mangroves based on density levels; second stage, triangulation. Landsat 8 operational land imager (OLI) in 2013 and 2021 were used as primary data to get the NDVI value, and categorized mangrove density level in Pilawang Cape, Kumo Island, Kakara Island, Maiti Island, and Tagalaya Island. The findings show that Pilawang Cape has the lowest NDVI value. The average NDVI value in 2021 is 0.22 which can be categorized as a rare mangrove forest according to the mangrove standard damage criteria. Thus, Mangrove area in Pilawang Cape needs to be prioritized as a preservation and conservation strategy through community-based ecotourism concept.

This study aims to predict the population dynamics of Brown Planthopper (BPH) in highly endemic areas of Central Java province, Indonesia. The research was conducted by modifying the method proposed by Legendre and Fortin (1989), through three stages. Those were predicting BPH attacks using Exponential Smoothing Holt Winter, analyzing spatial structure using I, C and Z test on Local Statistic, and making the connectivity inter the periodic predictions of planting season. The results showed that, the studied areas will experience the hotspots phenomenon based on the analysis by the method of Moran's I, Geary's C and Getis Ord Statistic. The analysis of Local Moran's and Getis Ord showed that, four counties namely Boyolali, Klaten, Karanganyar and Sragen experienced a local migration current from region to region around them, whereas other counties are independent. The migration current was influenced by topography, biotic interactions, and anthropogenic factor. Viewed from the spatial scalability in the studied areas, there are four categories of BPH population distribution; point, site, local, and landscape. BPH local migration interregion happened in the County of Klaten, Boyolali, Karanganyar and Sragen. It was caused by some factors: (1) the local climate, (2) the repetition of the use of rice plant variety in a long time, (3) the use of insecticide intensively (3-4 times in one planting period/season), and (4) the irrigation, allowing the spread of BPH larvae and eggs into its surroundings.