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The capability of identifying remote-controlled Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs), which pose a growing threat on critical infrastructure areas, is of great importance nowadays. The low cost, the easy handling, and a considerable payload make them an excellent tool for unwanted surveillance or attacks. Most platforms can be equipped with all kind of sensors or, in the worst case, with explosive devices. A typical MAV is able to take off and land vertically, to hover, and in many cases to fly forward with a high speed. Thus, it can reach all kinds of sites in short time while the concealed operator of the MAV is at a remote and riskless place. In this paper we present two possible approaches for perimeter surveillance with radar techniques in the millimeter wave regime. The main task of such radars is to detect movements of targets such as an aerial vehicle approaching a facility. The systems typically monitor a range of several hundred meters with up to 360 coverage and a repetition rate of a few Hertz. The low weight and easy deployable sensors are ideal for various scenarios

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This contribution reports about experimental activities during the 2011 Squirrel campaign in the Baltic Sea, where a number of in-and outbound runs of the Mittelgrund research vessel were measured by the Fraunhofer FHR MEMPHIS Radar in sea configuration at both Ka and W band. Aboard the employed vessel, four cornerreflectors (CR) at different heights in forward and backward direction where mounted in order to measure the signature of the CRs along the inbound-and outbound trajectories. The parabolic wave equation modeling software TERPEM was used to model the propagation factor and to compare the measurements against the modeling. The characterization of the oceanographic and meteorological input parameters for the modeling was performed by a large number of sensors operated by the WTD 71. The present contribution provides additional evidence of previously observed propagation phenomena under different operating frequencies. The qualitative behavior of the experimental data was confirmed by established modeling and fits quite well at the location of the performed campaign.