No abstract

Primary lung adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is extremely rare and accounts for approximately 0.1%-0.2% of all lung cancers. ACC of the head and neck has generally been regarded as a slow-growing, low-grade malignancy which has a tendency for local recurrence and frequent distant metastasis. When ACC of the lung is identified, physicians must determine whether it represents distant metastasis or a primary lung cancer. Thyroid transcription factor-1 staining is one of the most useful methods to differentiate primary from metastatic lesions in lung cancer. Herein we report a case of metachronous, not synchronous, ACC at the peripheral lung followed by ACC presentation at the base of the tongue, and review of relevant literatures.

Background and ObjectivesZZRadiotherapy and laser surgery are the main treatment modalities for early glottic cancer. However, which treatment has better voice outcome is unclear. Few studies have considered the effect of radiation dose on voice outcomes after radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to compare voice outcomes in early glottic cancer patients between two treatment modalities and to identify whether radiation dose affects voice outcomes. Subjects and MethodZZFrom January 1995 to December 2010, 66 patients with the early glottic cancer who underwent laser surgery (n=27) or radiotherapy (n=39) were retrospectively investigated. Voice quality was assessed using Computerized Speech Lab and F0, Jitter, Shimmer and noise to harmonic ratio were evaluated. For aerodynamic test, maximum phonation time was also evaluated. ResultsZZF0 differed statistically between the laser surgery group and radiotherapy group. In laser surgery group, F0 was elevated after surgery. On the other hand, F0 decreased statistically after radiotherapy. In the radiotherapy group, the dose was statistically different between the lower and higher dose groups. In T2 stage disease, which received a higher radiation dose, voice outcomes were poorer than in T1a or T1b stage diseases. ConclusionZZIn early glottic cancer, F0 differed statistically between the laser surgery group and the radiotherapy group: F0 decreased statistically after radiotherapy. In the radiotherapy group, voice quality was affected by radiation dose as the higher dose resulted in poorer voice outcomes.

A B S T R A C TWater-soluble methyl cellulose was acetylated to use as a hydrophilic membrane material. The acetylation was preceded under mild conditions to keep a high molecular weight. Acetylation could be confirmed by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Acetylated methyl cellulose (AMC) membrane could be successfully fabricated by an immersion precipitation method. Various additives were added in a polymeric solution to control the pore size and cross-sectional structure. Using 1,4-dioxane and acetone as additives changed the membrane morphology from finger-like structure to sponge-like structure. A membrane fouling test was conducted by using protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). The membrane-fouling of the AMC membrane was compared with that of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane. The AMC membrane showed much better fouling resistance against protein than the PVDF membrane.