Recent studies have indicated an increased risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) among people who consume proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), but the results of those studies are inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the correction risk of dementia and AD among PPI users. The literature search for relevant studies was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBase and ScienceDirect. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the relationship between the PPIs and risk of dementia and AD. Ten independent studies that involved 642305 participants were included in this meta-analysis. PPI users were unassociated with dementia (HR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.92–1.15; I 2 = 95.6%, p < 0.001) and AD (HR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.83–1.09; I 2 = 80.7%, p <0 .001). No evidence of publication bias was detected by Begg’s and Egger’s test. Sensitivity analyses showed no important differences in the estimates of effects. The current evidence indicates that PPI use does not increase dementia and AD risk. The remarkable heterogeneity among the studies warrants a further review of our findings.

Background and Purpose. The gray-to-white matter ratio (GWR) on brain computed tomography (CT) is associated with neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest (CA); however, the prognostic value of GWR in CA patients has yet to be confirmed. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of related studies to investigate the prognostic value of GWR on brain CT for neurological outcomes after CA. Materials and Methods. The PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched for all relevant articles published before March 31, 2020, without any language restrictions. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random-effects model using Stata 14.0 software. Result. A total of 24 eligible studies with 2812 CA patients were recruited in the meta-analysis. The pooled result showed that decreased GWR was correlated with poor neurological outcomes after CA ( OR = 11.28 , 95% CI: 6.29–20.21, and P < 0.001 ) with moderate heterogeneity ( I 2 = 71.5 % , P < 0.001 ). The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.58 (95% CI: 0.47–0.68) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.87–0.98), respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of GWR was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.80–0.87). Compared with GWR (cerebrum) and GWR (average), GWR using the basal ganglion level of brain CT had the highest AUC of 0.87 (0.84–0.90). Subgroup analysis indicated that heterogeneity may be derived from the time of CT measurement, preset specificity, targeted temperature management, or proportion of cardiac etiology. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the result was stable, and Deeks’ plot showed no possible publication bias ( P = 0   .64 ). Conclusion. Current research suggests that GWR, especially using the basal ganglion level of brain CT, is a useful parameter for determining neurological outcomes after CA.

Background: Although the prognostic significance of base excess (BE) in patients with paraquat (PQ) poisoning has been investigated for several years, the results remain controversial. Thus, we performed for the first time a comprehensive meta-analysis to explore the value of BE in predicting the prognosis of patients with PQ poisoning. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure to identify all relevant papers that were published up to August 2018. The data were extracted for pooled analysis, heterogeneity testing, sensitivity analysis, publication bias analysis, and subgroup analysis. Results: Pooled analysis revealed that a decreased BE is correlated with poor mortality (pooled OR = 21.358, 95% CI: 12.716–35.873, P < .001). Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were 78% (95% CI: 0.66–0.86), 88% (95% CI: 0.66–0.97), 6.6 (95% CI: 2.2–19.9), 0.25 (95% CI: 0.18–0.36), and 26 (10–69), respectively. No publication bias was detected by Egger test ( P = .263) and Begg test ( P = .462). Sensitivity analyses indicated no important differences among the estimates of effects. Conclusion: Our findings show that BE is useful for predicting the prognosis of PQ poisoning.

This paper analyzed the influence factor of passenger travel selection in regional transportation corridor. From the point of inter-city traffic integration and the entire travel chain, introduced generalized cost function, established improved Logit model based on differences of travel mode choice behavior of passenger grouped by the income separately and calibrated the parameters of the model using maximum likelihood method. Finally, a case was made combined with Huizhou-Heyuan inter-city transportation corridor, analyzed and verified feasibility and practicality of the passenger flow distribution ratios model and predicted the changes of distribution ratios after the completion of inter-city rail transit in the future.