Polymeric nanocomposite films are used as promising transdermal drug carriers because of the improved patient compliance, easy application on skin, and noninvasiveness. A thermoresponsive polymeric composite film has been developed here through the deposition of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) on functionalized β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). The composite has been developed by grafting of poly­(N-vinyl caprolactam) on β-CD, followed by cross-linking of diethylene glycol dimethacrylate and subsequent deposition of CQDs. CQDs have been prepared from waste pomegranate peels via a hydrothermal method. To enlighten the thermoresponsive nature of the composite film, lower critical solution temperature, as well as temperature-dependent swelling behavior, has been studied. The composite demonstrates excellent rheological features. The developed polymeric composite film is nontoxic toward NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell lines. On the deposition of CQDs on the copolymer, the penetration power and fluorescent property have been improved, which help to track the cells in vitro. This film is worthy to be applied to the skin. It can efficiently load lidocaine hydrochloride monohydrate (LHM). In vitro and ex vivo skin permeation profiles reveal the sustained release behavior of loaded LHM at average skin temperature and pH.

We report the design, synthesis, and folding of aromatic polyamides into an intrachain β-sheet-like structure. Additionally, the effect of a guest molecule in stabilizing the β-sheet structure has also been demonstrated here.

Background: Nephrotic syndrome, characterized by the presence of heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema and hyperlipidemia, is a common renal disorder in pediatric population. Aim of this study were to find out the prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in nephrotic syndrome, bacterial etiologies and antibiotic sensitivity pattern.Methods: After matching the criteria, 82 cases, were taken for this prospective, single center, observational study. The diagnosis was confirmed by bacterial culture. This is an institution based cross-sectional descriptive observational study. All newly diagnosed and relapse cases of nephrotic syndrome based on inclusion exclusion criteria was included in this study. Respondent was either of the parents or caregiver of the study subjects. Analysis of all data was done by appropriate statistical software (SPSS-23).Results: Among 82 participants evaluated with nephrotic syndrome 29.3% participants had UTI, majority 66.7% were asymptomatic and 33.3% were symptomatic. Significant microscopic hematuria were found in 20.7% study subjects and significant pyuria were found in 58.54% study subjects. Majority of UTI caused by E.coli 33.3% followed by Klebsiella 25%, Proteus 16.7%, Staphylococcus aureus 12.5%, Citrobacter, Acinetobacter and mixed growth were found in 4.2% each. Mean serum cholesterol of group with UTI was 422.13±34.65 and group without UTI was 307.43±26.13. The variation amongst the two groups were found to be significant (p=0.0001).Conclusions: The children with nephrotic syndrome are frequently predisposed to UTI and in most cases it is asymptomatic, often undiagnosed. Higher serum cholesterol level may predispose the nephrotic child for UTI.

Introduction: Typhoid fever is estimated to have caused 26.9 million cases and 5.74 lakhs deaths worldwide in 2010. It remains a major public health problem in India and other part of developing world. Background: Nonprovision of safe drinking water and sanitation measures, non-implementation of adequate vaccination strategies and emergence of multidrug resistant salmonella strains is responsible for why typhoid fever is till now remaining an important health problem in some parts of world and the disease is even becoming more complex. Objective: This study was conducted in a tertiary care centre to find out the clinico-epidemiological profile of patients admitted with typhoid fever. Design: Cross sectional observational study. Subjects: 460 Widal positive typhoid fever pediatric cases admitted from 1 st June 2016 to 30 th November 2016. Methods: Both clinical and laboratory data of all the patients were retrieved, compiled and analyzed. Results: Out of 460 patients 238(51.74%) were males and 222 (48.26%) were females. Fever (100%), vomiting (49.13%), diarrhea (30.21%), cough (30.0%) and hepatomegaly (73.26%) were commonly observed.Response to injection Ceftriaxone was excellent.355(77.17%) patients responded to Ceftriaxone alone and 99 (21.52%) patients needed addition of oral Azithromycin.Average hospital stays in our study ranged from 3-9 days. Conclusion: In the present series typhoid fever accounted for 10.94% of pediatric admissions. Though mortality has significantly reduced typhoid fever continues to be an important cause of hospitalization in pediatric population.High incidence among lower age group indicates high endemicity and emphasizes the need of widespread use of vaccination.

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