Reasoning is an indispensable ability of learners in physics learning as it is related to the learning outcomes achieved. This study aims to obtain a picture of scientific reasoning in 231 high school students in Palembang City in academic year 2017/2018. The type of this research is descriptive research with survey method. The ability of scientific reasoning and mastery of the physics concepts of students was obtained through written test in the form of multiple choice reasons. Problems used in the study contained 18 items with details of 12 questions about scientific reasoning and 6 questions about mastery of physics concepts. The result of the research shows the scientific reasoning ability of high school students was in the low category and the mastery of physics concept of students remained in the medium category.
The growth of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia affects on the demand of automotive parts. This study aims see the mechanical properties of organic brake canvas made from durian fruit skin and teak leaves. Composite making was done by smoothing durian fruit and teak leaves to become powder. The resulting powder was filtered with mesh 60 so that the particle size is the same so as to facilitate mixing. After that, simple mixing with other ingredients such as magnesium oxide and polyester resin is carried out. The printing process was carried out with a hydraulic press with a load of 4 tons for 3 hours. The brake canvas produced were tested for hardness, wear resistance, and absorbency by varying the percentage composition of the powder of durian fruit fiber and teak leaves. There are five variations in the percentage of composite material composition tested. The results obtained the percentage of the most optimum composition that has a value of hardness, wear wear resistance, and absorption capacity close to the value of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 09-0143).
The purpose of this study was to determine the physical properties of wall paint by utilizing teak leaf extract containing carotenoids as natural dyes. Exploration of teak leaf extract is done by boiling teak leaves using 350 ml of water until boiling and filtering with screen mash T100. As an adhesive used 75 grams of tapioca flour and quicklime mixture with a composition ratio of 1: 3, 1: 1 and 3: 1. The solvents used are aqudes and fillers are white cement and PVAc glue. In this study the process of making paint is done by mixing all ingredients from pigments, adhesives, and solvents until homogeneous. Testing of the physical properties of paint, carried out through the test density, viscosity, and adhesion. The results of this study indicate that the composition of the most optimum paint formulation is found in the variation of adhesive with a ratio of 3: 1 which results in a density value of 1.26 gr / ml, viscosity 0.26 poise and adhesion power of 95% Keywords: density test, viscosity, teak leaves and wall paint Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui sifat fisik cat tembok dengan memanfaatkan ekstrak daun jati yang mengandung karotenoid sebagai pewarna alami. Eksplorasi ekstrak daun jati dilakukan dengan merebus daun jati menggunakan air 350 ml sampai mendidih dan disaring dengan screen mash T100. Sebagai perekatnya digunakan campuran tepung tapioka dan kapur tohor sebanyak 75 gram dengan perbandingan komposisi 1:3, 1:1 dan 3:1. Pelarut yang digunakan aqudes dan bahan pengisi adalah semen putih dan lem PVAc. Pada pe dengan mencampurkan seluruh bahan dari pigmen, perekat, dan pelarut sampai homogen. Pengujian sifat fisik cat, dilakukan melalui uji densitas, viskositas, dan daya rekat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ko optimum terdapat pada variasi perekat dengan perbandingan 3:1 yang menghasilkan nilai densitas 1,26 gr/ml, viskositas 0,26 poise dan daya rekat Kata Kunci:uji densitas, viskositas, daun jati dan cat tembok PENDAHULUAN Pigmen atau zat warna sering digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan pada produk pangan dan tekstil karena dapat memperbaiki tampilan warna
AbstrakTelah dilakukan pemanfaatan ekstrak daun jati yang mengandung karotenoid untuk pewarna alami pada pembuatan cat tembok. Ekstrak daun jati direbus dengan air 350 ml sampai mendidih dan disaring dengan screen mash T100. Sebagai perekatnya digunakan campuran tepung tapioka dan kapur tohor sebanyak 75 gram dengan perbandingan komposisi (1:3, 1:1,3:1). Sebagai pelarut digunakan campuran aqudes, Lem PVAc dan semen putih. Pada penelitian ini proses pembuatan cat ialah dengan cara mencampurkan seluruh bahan dari pigmen, perekat, dan pelarut sampai homogen. Kualitas cat di tunjukan melalui uji viskositas, daya rekat dan densitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komposisi formulasi cat yang paling baik terdapat pada variasi perekat dengan perbandingan 3 : 1 yang menghasil kan nilai densitas 1,3 gr/ml, viskositas 0,26 poise dan daya rekat 95 %.Kata-kata kunci: daun jati, cat tembok, uji viskositas, daya rekat dan densitas AbstractThe utilization of teak leaf extract containing carotenoids for natural dyes on the manufacture of wall paint. Teak leaf extract boiled with 350 ml of water until boiling and filtered with screen mash T100. As glue is used a blend of tapioca flour and lime tohor as much as 75 grams with composition ratio (1: 3, 1: 1,3: 1). As a solvent used mix aqudes, PVAc glue and white cement. In this research, the process of making paint is by mixing all the material from pigment, adhesive, and solvent until homogeneous. Paint quality is shown through viscosity test, adhesion and density. The results of this study indicate that the best paint formulation composition is found in adhesive variation with a ratio of 3: 1 which produces density 1,3 gr/ml, viscosity 0,26 poise and 95% adhesion. PENDAHULUANAlam semesta ini memiliki banyak kekayaan. Allah SWT telah menciptakan beragam spesies makhluk hidup dengan membawa (mempunyai kemampuan membuat) suatu zat di bagian tubuhnya sehingga dunia kita menjadi bergam. Zat tersebut adalah beragam pigmen pada makhluk hidup. Pigmen adalah suatu zat yang memberi kesan warna pada benda berdasarkan responya terhadap cahaya, baik yang dipantul maupun yang diserap. Pigmen atau zat warna sering digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan pada roduk pangan dan produk tekstil karena dapat memperbaiki tampilan warna [1].Zat warna alami dapat diperoleh dari tanaman atau hewan. Warna alami ini meliputi pigmen yang terdapat dalam bahan atau terbentuk melalui proses pemanasan, penyimpanan atau perlakuan tertentu. Warna alam seperti klorofil, karotenoid, antosianin, brazilen tanin dan lain-lain apabila Pengaruh kualitas cat terhadap densitasDensitas suatu cat ditentukan oleh komponen-komponen penyusun yang ada di dalam cat. Antara lain, Bahan pengikat, pewarna, dan pengering serta bahan pengisi merupakan komponen yang dapat meningkatkan densitas suatu cat [8]. Pelarut dan pengencer selain berfungsi mengatur kekentalan juga memiliki fungsi untuk menurunkan bobot jenis.
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