The shrimp shell that rich compounds of chitin can be converted to produce polysaccharides called chitosan. The chitosan can be utilized as bioadhesive for substitute chemical based adhesive for producing particleboard. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentration acetic acid (CH3COOH) as the solvent to made chitosan adhesive and physical and mechanical properties of the produced particleboard by using sawdust waste. Chitosan adhesive formulation will be used as an adhesive by dissolving chitosan powder with CH3COOH solvent. This research focused on optimization the solvent content wich is CH3COOH in different concentration such as 0.5%, 2% and 4%. Particleboard with size of 25 cm x 25 cm x 0.7 cm with 8%, target density 0.75 g/cm3 were produced using sawdust waste of Paraserianthes falcataria. The processing condition were 180°C in temperature during 12 minutes with pressure of 25 kg/cm2. The research showed, there is no particular trend in particle board characteristics related to solvent concentration. Physical and mechanical Properties fulfill requirement of JIS A 5908-2003 for Moisture Content, MOE and IB. The produced particleboard that using chitosan as bioadhesive and sawdust waste as particle is potentially to be developed technically based on the quality of the particleboards produced.

This study was aimed to analyze the resistance of composites board made from wafer and carton or paper overlaid on drywood termite and subterranean termite. Materials used in this study were wafer from sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen), water based polymer isocyanate adhesive, veneer, and several kind of carton and paper such as duplex carton, recycle carton, corrugate board, and waste of cement sack. The target density was 0.65 g/cm3, while the resin solid content was 6%. The result of this study showed that no significantly different on infection rate of drywood termite among of composite board types and solid wood. The weight loose of composites board were 1.2–3.8%, while solid wood was 2.7%. Composites board more favorable to infection Macrotermes gilvus than solid wood. The weight loose of composites board were 19.3 – 28.8%, while solid wood was 12.6%. Key words: Composites board, drywood termite, subterranean termite

This study was conducted to determine the presence of the insecticide permethrin and its retention gradients within the structure of laminated bamboo after treatment using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) as the carrier solvent. the presence of permetrin was based on functional group differences indicated by FT-IR analyses before and after the preservative treatment. Permethrin retentions in the treated bamboo materials ranged from 0.0020 to 0.0022%. This result indicated that the preservative treatment of laminated bamboo using SC-CO2 as a carrier solvent produced evenly distributed chemical an effective level. There was no signicant distribution gradient of the preservative observed over the layers of the treated laminated bamboo arranged with outer-inner surface laminations. The current treatment condition is potential to produce laminated bamboo products completely resistant to biodegradation.

Optimum utilization of raw materials is very important to overcome the limited raw materials supply. The objective of this study was to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of cement board made of stem and branch of tree. Materials used in this study were three wood species from community forest, namely; sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), candlenut (Aleurites moluccana), and gmelina (Gmelina arborea). The raw materials taken from stem and branch of tree were converted into particle using hammer mill. Composition of particle, water, and cement weight based were 1 : 1,25 : 2,5 for produce cement board, while density target of the boards were 0.85 g cm-3. To improve the board quality, 2.5 % CaCl2 based on cement weight was added. Mixed meterials then cold pressed during 24 hours and then conditioned for 1 month before tested. The research resuts are as follows: 1) Dimensional stability of cement board made from stem were superior compared to cement board made from branch of tree, 2) The MOR and Internal Bond of cement board have no clear different pattern between stem and branch of tree, 3) The MOE of cement board made from branch were higher compared to cement board made from stem of the three wood species. Key words: Cement board, community forest, sengon, candlenut, gmelina

Fire resistance, termite resistance, and high dimensional stability are among critical attributes of cement board composite as alternative material to replace solid wood products. This study aimed to evaluate characteristics of cement boards made from various age classes of bamboo (1-2 year old, 3-4 year old, and 5-6 year old) and nature of bamboo stem (used and fresh bamboo). Cement board was produced with target density of 0.9 g cm-3, and 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm in dimension and the results showed that cement board made from younger bamboo (1-2 year old) had better physical and mechanical characteristics than cement board made from the older bamboo. Most of physical and mechanical characteristics, except for modulus of rupture and dimensional stability, of cement board made from younger bamboo fulfill the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A 5417-2003. The results also showed that cement board made from used bamboo had similar characteristics with cement board made from fresh bamboo. Key words: Young bamboo, used bamboo, cement board