Background: Maintenance of hand hygiene among health care workers (HCWs) is the cornerstone of infection prevention and control programmes in a health care facility. Poor hand hygiene amongst HCWs is the single most common cause of cross-transmission of infections between patients and HCWs in the hospital. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors for non-adherence and assess the knowledge regarding maintenance of hand hygiene amongst health care workers at a tertiary health care centre in Western India. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on HCWs-doctors, undergraduate students and staff nurses at a tertiary care hospital and postgraduate institute in western India after ethical committee clearance. A selfreport questionnaire by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for the Hand Hygiene Knowledge Survey (2009), which consisted of ten questions and "My 5 moments of hand hygiene", was answered by the study participants after their written/informed consent. Data was analysed using one-way Anova and Student"s t-tests. Results: 317 participants responded to the survey which included 131 doctors, 111 medical students and 75 staff nurses. 90.85% participants routinely used an alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) but their overall hand hygiene knowledge score was only 61.04%. Prior formal training in hand hygiene significantly improved the knowledge of HCWs (P<0.001). There was a significant difference between the knowledge and actual practice of "My 5 Moments of hand hygiene". Conclusions: Hand hygiene knowledge remains unsatisfactory till date amongst HCWs. There is a need to educate HCWs through frequent training session"s right from the time of undergraduate medical study.

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The writing of history was seminal to Milton’s conception of himself as a humanist and is a key to our understanding of his literary career. Yet, Milton’s Brief History of Moscovia and The History of Britain occupy a unique position in the way in which they are poised between the humanist notion of history as counsel and history as an assertion of “republican” values. However, situating Milton in a climate of republicanism has othen been problematic and challenging. Like writers of humanist historical narratives, Milton’s primary aim was to guide the English people in their current political crisis by making the past an analogue of the present. I wish to contend that he approaches his intention generically: by a manipulative use of the genres of history and chorography, Milton is able to straddle the earlier notion of history with the later notions of “republicanism” that permeated the political climate of England in the aftermath of the Civil War. In an inversion of Shklovsky’s notion of “form shaping content”, Milton’s reliance on genre as a vehicle for articulating his political and ideological stance, ultimately results in content shaping form.