Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a global public health threat with many medical, ethical, economic, and socialimpacts. COVID-19 has spread worldwide, to many Asian and Middle Eastern countries, the United Statesof America, and European countries. The current COVID-19 pandemic that has devastated Indonesia, has infected and killed more healthcare workers, in particular doctors and nurses, than any other outbreak in the history of this virus. People have basic needs that must be met for them to feel safe and secure. A history of the outbreak of the COVID-19 is brifley showed, before exploring the impact the virus had in Indonesia. During this exploration, some of the key issues arising from the experiences in Indonesia, in addressing the threat of COVID-19 will be reviewed. Drawing on the COVID-19 as the case study, we consider the ways in which the concept of human security expands understanding of its relationship to health. Further, weshow how major public health issues can evolve into security threats.The final section of the article will be an analysis of the lessons learned from COVID-19 and policy implications in addressing health and human security threats. ABSTRAKPenyakit corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) sekarang menjadi ancaman kesehatan masyarakat global yang berdampak besar terhadap aspek medis, etik, ekonomi, dan sosial. COVID-19 telah menyebar kepenjuru dunia, kebanyak negara Asia dan Timur Tengah, Amerika Serikat, dan negara-negara Eropa. Wabah COVID-19 yang saat ini melanda Indonesia telah menginfeksi dan menewaskan lebih banyak petugas kesehatan, terutama dokter dan perawat, dibandingkan dengan wabah lain yang pernah terjadi dalam sejarah virus ini. Individu mempunyai kebutuhan dasar yang harus dipenuhi agar mereka merasa aman dan terjamin. Terjadinya wabah COVID-19 diulas secara singkat sebelum penulis mengeksplor dampak virus Corona di Indonesia. Beberapa masalah utama yang muncul dari peristiwa wabah COVID-19 di Indonesia yang ditujukan untuk mengatasi jenis ancamannya, akan ditinjau dalam artikel ini. Melalui beberapa studi kasus COVID-19, penulis mempertimbangkan konsep keamanan manusia untuk memperluas pemahaman terkait dengan kesehatan. Selanjutnya, penulis menguraikan bagaimana masalah kesehatan utama masyarakat dapat berkembang mengancam keamanan. Bagian akhir dari artikel ini akan menganalisis pelajaran-pelajaran yang dapat dipetik dari wabah COVID-19, beserta implikasi kebijakan-kebijakan untuk menangani ancaman kesehatan dan keamananmanusia.

Introduction: Children with intellectual disability have the same sexual needs as the average children. Parents are their children’s primary sex educators, but many parents are afraid of talking to their children about sex. The purpose of this study to explore the perception of parents in providing sex education to children with intellectual disability. Methods: A qualitative study using phenomenological approach. Focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interviews (face-to-face) with ten parents having children with mild or moderate intellectual disability, aged nine-eighteen years registered at SLB Negeri 1 Yogyakarta. Colaizzi method was used to identify core themes and patterns. Results: Four themes were found: the importance of sex education for children with intellectual disability, the mother has the most important role in providing sex education, the distinction of sex education for children with intellectual disability, religion is important in sex education. Conclusions: Perception of parents in providing sex education to children with intellectual disability is different from parents with normal children. Parents should be earlier deliver sex education to protect them from sex abuse and the method of giving sex education with practice. The role of parents, especially mother is very important to provide sex education than father.

Siti Sulastijah, dkk: Pengaruh pendidikan gizi dalam upaya meningkatkan kepatuhan konsumsi zat besi melalui kelas ibu hamil Pengaruh pendidikan gizi dalam upaya meningkatkan kepatuhan konsumsi zat besi melalui kelas ibu hamil The effect of nutrition education in an effort to increase compliance of iron consumption through prenatal classes Siti KEY WORDS: compliance; hemoglobin; iron; nutrition education; prenatal classes ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Anemia defisiensi besi menyumbang kejadian anemia sebesar 50% dan menimbulkan kematian sekitar 841.000 per tahun di seluruh dunia. Pendidikan gizi sebelum suplementasi besi perlu diberikan disebabkan kepatuhan ibu hamil masih rendah. Kecamatan Gatak merupakan salah satu wilayah kecamatan di Kabupaten Sukoharjo yang memiliki ibu hamil dengan faktor risiko tertinggi (20,02%). Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan gizi dalam upaya meningkatkan kepatuhan konsumsi zat besi melalui kelas ibu hamil di Kecamatan Gatak Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Metode: Jenis penelitian kuasi eksperimental dengan rancangan pre test-post test dengan non-equivalent control group. Sampel penelitian yaitu ibu hamil yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sejumlah 33 ibu hamil pada kelompok perlakuan dan 37 ibu hamil pada kelompok kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan mendapat pendidikan gizi melalui buklet anemia dan suplementasi zat besi yang berisi 60 mg sulfas ferosus dan 400 µg asam folat secara harian di kelas ibu hamil selama tiga bulan. Kelompok kontrol tidak mendapatkan pendidikan gizi tetapi mendapatkan suplementasi zat besi harian selama 3 tiga bulan. Analisis data menggunakan independent t-test dan paired t-test. Hasil: Tingkat pengetahuan (lebih tinggi 12,59), kepatuhan (lebih tinggi 15,16%), asupan makanan yang meliputi energi (lebih tinggi 9,24%), protein (lebih tinggi 10,98%), dan Fe (lebih tinggi 6,68%) meskipun semuanya masih berada di bawah AKG, dan kadar hemoglobin (lebih tinggi 0,44 g/dl) pada kelompok perlakuan dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (p<0,05). Faktor umur, tingkat pendidikan, jumlah pengeluaran, paritas, ANC, status gizi, dan jarak kelahiran terakhir tidak mempengaruhi kepatuhan meminum suplementasi zat besi (p>0,05). Simpulan: Pendidikan gizi berpengaruh meningkatkan kepatuhan konsumsi zat besi melalui kelas ibu hamil di Kecamatan Gatak Kabupaten Sukoharjo.KATA KUNCI: kepatuhan; hemoglobin; zat besi; pendidikan gizi; kelas ibu hamil

Background: Merapi eruption can cause tremendous damage, not only physically but also mentally which will trigger the emergence of mental disorders in adolescence and even into adulthood. After the eruption of Merapi, adolescents and their families should move from shelters to permanent residence. Resettlement to permanent residence had resulted in a new variety of stressors. The new stressors would affect the release of LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) which may affect the occurrence of menstrual disorders. Menstrual disorder might interfere with learning achievement in adolescence. Objective: To determine the relationship between psychosocial stressors with menstrual disorders in female junior high school students after the eruption of Merapi in Cangkringan Sleman Yogyakarta Method: This study is a observational with cross-sectional design and combined with a qualitative approach. Respondents in this research is class VII students who were menstruating in Cangkringan Sleman. Samplings method used was total sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire psychosocial stressors (IPSP), menstrual disorder questionnaire (SPAF) and the behavioral aspects of the questionnaire. Datas were analysed using Chi-Square test by looking at the value of prevalence ratio and logistic regression at the significance level of p <0.05 with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%. Result and Discussion: There was a significant correlation between psychosocial stressors and menstrual disorders (OR; 6.47; CI = 1.436 to 29.165) Conclusion: Adolescents who experienced severe psychosocial stressors six times more likely to experience menstrual disorders compared to adolescents who experience mild psychosocial stressors Keywords: Psychosocial Stressors, menstrual disorders, post-eruption of Merapi, Youth,SMP. ABSTRAK Latar Belakang:Erupsi Merapi dapat menyebabkan kerusakan yang luar biasa, tidak hanya fisik tetapi juga mental yang akan memicu munculnya gangguan jiwa pada remaja bahkan sampai masa dewasa. Pasca erupsi Merapi, remaja dan keluarganya harus pindah dari huntara ke huntap. Perpindahan tempat tinggal ke huntap inilah yang mengakibatkan berbagai stresor-stresor baru.. Stresor baru tersebut akan mempengaruhi pelepasan LH (Luteinizing Hormone) dan FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) yang dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya gangguan menstruasi. Masalah menstruasi jika tidak mendapatkan penanganan yang benar dapat mengganggu prestasi belajar remaja.

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Self efficacy ibu menyusui merupakan salah satu kunci keberhasilan pemberian ASI. Banyaknya tempat kerja yang dirasakan oleh ibu bekerja belum menyediakan ruang laktasi dan fasilitas serta kebijakan untuk ibu bekerja yang menyusui Institusi Pendidikan Kesehatan di wilayah Kotamadya Yogyakarta. Kemungkinan kendala lainnya adalah jauhnya jarak tempat kerja dan waktu cuti bagi ibu bekerja. Tujuan: Mengekplorasi self-efficacy menyusui pada ibu bekerja. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu-ibu yang memiliki anak usia 0-6 bulan yang bekerj a di Institusi Kesehatan di Wilayah Kotamadya Yogyakarta. Jumlah sample sebanyak 6 informan inti dan 1 informan pendukung, dengan tehnik purposive sampling. Instrument dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri, alat perekam, alat tulis, pedoman wawancara mendalam, dan lembar observasi, dengan waktu wawancara dilakukan selama 25-30 menit, yang dilaksanakan antara bulan Oktober- November 2016. Data dianalisis dengan tahapan teori . Hasil: Ditemukan lima tema yaitu adanya harapan dan motivasi ibu dalam memberikan ASI eksklusif, perlunya persiapan & ketrampilan yang dimiliki ibu, kesulitan fisik yang dialami ibu, beban psikologis yang dialami ibu, keterbatasan waktu & fasilitas yang dirasakan ibu bekerja dalam memberikan ASI eksklusif. Kesimpulan: Ibu bekerja dalam memberikan ASI eksklusif, mengalami hal-hal yang menyenangkan dan hal-hal yang kurang menyenangkan. Hal menyenangkan yang mereka rasakan adalah adanya harapan, motivasi, memiliki persiapan, dan ketrampilan. Sedangkan hal-hal yang kurang menyenangkan adalah adanya masalah fisik, kondisi psikologis, minimalnya support sistem, kurangnya fasilitas, dan keterbatasan waktu bersama bayinya.Kata Kunci: Self-Efficacy, ibu bekerja, ASI eksklusifMother’s Self-Efficacy in Exclusive Breastfeeding at Health Education Institution in Yogyakarta ABSTRACTBackground: Self efficacy of breastfeeding mothers is one of the keys to the success of breastfeeding. Working mothers still thinks that many workplaces do not provide lactation rooms and facilities as well as policies for working mothers who breastfeed at the Health Education Institutions in Yogyakarta Municipality. Another possible obstacle is distance of workplace and leave time for working mothers. Objective: To explore self-efficacy of breastfeeding in working mothers. Methods: The research is qualitative with phenomenological approach. The population was mothers who had children aged 0-6 months who worked at the Health Institutions in Yogyakarta Municipality. The number of samples was 6 key informants and 1 supporting informant, whom were taken using with purposive sampling. The instruments of the research included researcher, recording devices, stationery, in-depth interview guidelines, and observation sheets, with the interview duration of25-30 minutes, which was held between October-November 2016. Data were analyzed using Creswell’s theory of stages. Results: Five themes were found, namely expectation and motivation of mothers in exclusive breastfeeding, need for preparation and skills possessed by mothers, physical difficulties experienced by mothers, psychological burden experienced by mothers, limited time andfacilities felt by mothers working in exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: Working mothers in exclusive breastfeeding had both pleasant and unpleasant experiences. The pleasant experiences include hope, motivation, preparation, and skills. Meanwhile, unpleasant experiences include physical problems, psychological conditions, minimum system support, lack of facilities, and limited time with the baby.Keywords: Self-Efficacy, working mothers, exclusive breastfeeding