Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian & pengembangan yang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini menggunakan model ADDIE dengan urutan tahapan penganalisisan, perencanaan, pengembangan, pengimplementasian, dan pengevaluasian, tetapi pada penelitian ini hanya dilakukan sampai tahap pengimplementasian. Tes yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari lima belas butir soal uraian. Validasi terhadap butir soal tes dilakukan dua kali, yaitu validasi isi dan validasi empiris. Hasil validasi isi menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata butir soal tes sebesar 3,394 berkategori baik, sedangkan hasil validasi empiris menunjukkan bahwa ada sebelas soal berkategori valid dan empat soal berkategori tidak valid. Sebelas soal yang berkategori valid memiliki nilai koefisien reliabilitas Cronbach Alpha sebesar 0,67. Hasil implementasi tes menunjukkan hasil bahwa nilai rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa sebesar 27,20 dari 100,00  dengan nilai tertinggi 71,05 dan nilai terendah 2,63. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa masih kurang.Kata kunci: tes kemampuan bepikir kritis, kemampuan berpikir kritis DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS TEST IN GEOMETRICAL OPTIC FOR PHYSICS STUDENTAbstractThe kind of this study is the research and development that aims to develop critical thinking skills test. This study uses ADDIE model that has five steps: analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate, but in this study only done until the implementing step. This test consists of fifteen items essay test. Validation of this test performed twice, content validation and empirical validation. Content validation shows that this test have good categorized with average score 3,394, whereas empirical validation shows that there are eleven items that have valid categorized and four items that have invalid categorized. The valid items have reliabity coefficient Alpha Cronbach 0,67. The result of implementing step shows that students have average of critical thinking skill score 27,20 from 100,00 with the higest score 71,05 and the lowest score 2,63. This result shows that students’ critical thinking skills are still lacks.Keywords: critical thinking skills test, critical thinking skills

This purpose of this research was to analyze the influence of blended physics learning with e-scaffolding on the gas kinetic theory to the students’ scientific explanation. This research used quasi-experimentation with one group pretest-posttest design. The population of this research included the grade XI students of Natural Sciences in SMA Negeri 1 Bangkalan. The proposed hypothesis was that the blended physics learning with e-scaffolding affected the students’ scientific explanation. The research results indicated that the students’ scientific explanation ability significantly increased after they experienced blended physics learning with e-scaffolding. All aspects of scientific explanation, that was the claim, evidence, and reasoning improved significantly.

<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Scientific reasoning skills are very important for students to be obtained as their future provisions considering they are firmly related to problem solving and critical thinking skills. The purpose of this study was to identify high school students’ SRA based on gender in Situbondo Regency. This research method is quantitative descriptive utilizing a sample of 195 high school students selected utilizing purposive sampling. The instrument consisted of 26 open-ended multiple-choice questions with a reliability coefficient α = 0.797. The results of this research indicate that the distinctions in SRA between male and female students are inexistent. However, female students have a slightly higher average SRS value and outperform the SRS level achievement of male students, spesifically on correlational reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, and hyphotetico-deductive reasoning. In addition, most of students (84,10%) remain on the concrete operational level and this indicates that the students’ SRSs is still low. Combinatorial reasoning considered as the lowest achievement indicators whilst correlation reasoning indicators quite the opposite. Based on the findings, the implication based on theory and practices have been discussed.</p><strong>Abstrak:</strong><em> </em>Keterampilan penalaran ilmiah sangat penting dimiliki siswa sebagai bekal masa depan mereka, karena berkaitan erat dengan pemecahan masalah dan ketereampilan berpikir kritis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi Keterampilan Penalaran Ilmiah siswa SMA berdasarkan jenis kelamin di Kabupaten Situbondo. Metode penelitian ini adalah deksriptif kuantitatif, dengan sampel sebanyak 195 siswa SMA dipilih dengan <em>purposive sampling. </em>Instrumen terdiri atas 26 butir soal pilihan ganda berlasan terbuka dengan koefisien reliabilitas α = 0,797. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan KPI antara siswa laki-laki dan perempuan. Namun demikian, siswa perempuan memiliki nilai rata-rata KPI sedikit lebih tinggi dan mengungguli pencapaian level Keterampilan Penalaran Ilmiah siswa laki-laki, khususnya pada penalaran korelasi, probabilistik, dan <em>hypothetico-deductive reasoning</em>. Selain itu, sebagian besar siswa (84,10%) berada pada tingkat operasional konkret dan hal ini mengindikasikan KPI siswa masih rendah. Penalaran kombinatorial sebagai indikator capaian terendah, sementara indikator penalaran korelasi sebaliknya. Berdasarkan temuan, implikasi berdasarkan teori dan praktik telah didiskusikan.

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One of the abilities that must be possessed by students in the 21st century is the ability to think critically. This article aims to analyze students' critical thinking skills in geometric optical materials. This research is descriptive research with subject of research consisted 116 student grade 12 SMA. The critical thinking skills test instrument consists of 12 items about the description of geometric optical material with reliability coefficient of 0.701. The results of this study indicate that the average ability of critical thinking students 14.54 of scale 100 with the highest score of 48 and the lowest value 1.3. This shows that students' critical thinking skills are still in the low category. The weakest aspect of critical thinking ability is argument analysis. Need efforts to improve students' critical thinking skills, one of them is by applying learning that requires students actively in solving problems.