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The aim of this study is to compare between ethanol and ethyl acetate rhizome extract of K.rotunda against HeLa cervical cancer cell in vitro. Material and Methods: Methods used in this research are test the chemical compound of extracts using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and phytochemical screening test, also cytotoxicity test using MTT assay. Result: Ethyl acetate extract contains flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, and triterpenoid, while ethanol extract have flavonoid, triterpenoid, and alkaloid. In addition, ethanol extract has strong cytotoxic activity (IC 50 = 16,939 µg/ml) while ethyl acetate extract has moderate cytotoxic activity (IC 50 = 127,9 µg/ml). Each of extracts showed significant results (p ≤ 0,05) although when compared between concentrations there are several concentrations that are not significant and also small coefficient of determinant values caused by various confounding factors. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of K.rotunda rhizome extract has the higher cytotoxicity activity compared to ethyl acetate extract of K.rotunda rhizome extract against HeLa cervical cancer cell.

Skin cancer is a malignant growth on the skin caused by many factors. The most common skin cancers are Basal Cell Cancer (BCC) and Squamous Cell Cancer (SCC). This research uses a discriminant analysis to classify some tissues of skin cancer based on criterion number of independent variables. An independent variable is variation of excitation light sources (LED lamp), filters, and sensors to measure autofluorescence intensity (IAF) of visible light to near infrared (VIS/NIR) ratio of paraffin embedded tissue biopsy from BCC, SCC, and Lipoma. From the result of discriminant analysis, it is known that the discriminant function is determined by 4 (four) independent variables i.e., blue LED-red filter, blue LED-yellow filter, UV LED-blue filter, and UV LED-yellow filter. The accuracy of discriminant in classifying the analysis of three skin cancer tissues is 100%.

In this study, we focused to evaluate threonine-allyl-ester (TAE) and amide of gallic acid derivative (AGA) for anti-HCV activity. The synthesis was started from esterification of commercially available Boc-L-Threonine with allyl bromide, followed by Boc deprotection with HCl/EtOAc produced threonine-allyl-ester (TAE) and amidation of the ester with the gallic acid with WSCD HCl, HOBt, and NMM produced the amide of gallic acid derivative (AGA). The synthesized were examined the antiviral activity against HCV (genotype 2a strain JFH1) and cytotoxicity against Huh7it-1. The synthesized of TAE and AGA were in ranging from 91% to 50% of yield. The TAE and AGA exhibited anti-HCV activity with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 24.5 μg/ml and 12.1 μg/ml without cytotoxicity, respectively. These results suggest that TAE and AGA have potential as anti-HCV. Further study, TAE and AGA are synthesized with addition another form.