Caulerpa lentillifera is an edible and functional seaweed due to its high nutritional compositions and its biological activities.  In this study, C. lentillifera was evaluated for its proximate compositions (moisture, ash, protein, lipid and fiber contents) and its biological activities (antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, and toxicity). Moisture content, crude lipid, crude protein, and crude fiber were determined using oven method, soxhlet extraction, semi-micro Kjeldhal, and hydrolysis, respectively.  Fresh C. lentillifera of Natuna Island, Indonesia, showed its higher level content of ash, crude lipid, and crude fiber compared to that of fresh C. lentillifera of Penghu, Taiwan.  For its biological activity assays, the extracts were prepared from fresh and dry C. lentillifera (FC and DC).  Both of the extracts showed the broad spectrum of weak antimicrobial using well-diffusion agar tests and antioxidant activities using a modified linoleic acid emulsion system.  The toxicity for both extracts was determined using brine shrimp lethality test.  DC extract showed its very low toxicity level and there was no toxicity for FC.  Hemolytic activity was determined using red blood assay.  Both extracts showed their low hemolytic activities (about 5-13%) for the concentration of 100 and 150 μg/mL, but the activity increased sharply (about 96%) on the concentration of 200 μg/mL.  It was concluded that C. lentillifera has a potency as a functional food due to containing secondary metabolites with various biological activities.

Penelitian bertujuan membandingkan sifat fisika tanah pada kebun karet dan kelapa sawit di Desa Betenung Kecamatan Nanga Tayap Kabupaten Ketapang. Sampel tanah diambil secara diagonal dengan mengambil sampel tanah utuh, sampel tanah agregat utuh dan contoh tanah terganggu. Sampel tanah di ambil pada kebun karet dan kelapa sawit dengan kedalaman 0-30 cm dan 30-60 cm. Hasil penelitan menunjukkan profil warna tanah pada kebun karet terdapat dua lapisan warna tanah yaitu 7,5YR 3/3 coklat gelap dan 7,5YR 6/8 kuning kemerahan. Profil warna tanah pada perkebunan kelapa sawit terdapat dua lapisan warna tanah, lapisan pertama 7,5YR 4/6 coklat gelap, lapisan kedua 7,5YR 6/8 kuning kemerahan. Struktur tanah kebun karet lapisan I remah, lapisan II dan III gumpal membulat. Struktur pada kebun kelapa sawit lapisan I remah, lapisan II gumpal bersudut, lapisan III gumpal membulat. Tekstur tanah kebun karet kedalaman 0-30 cm dan 30-60 cm termasuk lempung dan lempung berliat, pada kebun kelapa sawit kedalaman 0-30 cm dan 30-60 cm termasuk lempung liat berdebu. Hasil uji t bobot isi tanah kebun karet dan kelapa sawit kedalaman 0-30cm berbeda tidak nyata, kedalaman 30-60 cm berbeda nyata. Hasil uji t kadar air kapasitas lapangan kebun karet dan kelapa sawit kedalaman 0-30 cm dan 30-60cm berbeda tidak nyata. Hasil uji t porositas tanah kebun karet dan kelapa sawit kedalaman 0-30 dan 30-60 cm berbeda tidak nyata. Hasil uji t permeabilitas tanah kebun karet dan kelapa sawit kedalaman 0-30 cm dan 30-60 cm berbeda tidak nyata. Kemantapan agregat tanah lebih tinggi pada kebun kelapa sawit dibandingkan hutan karet, baik kedalaman 0-30 cm maupun 30-60 cm. Bahan organik pada kebun karet dan kelapa sawit tergolong rendah, baik pada kedalaman 0-30 cm maupun 30-60 cm, N-total rendah, dan C/N rasio rendah serta reaksi tanah (pH) masamKata kunci : Ultisols, Sifat Fisika Tanah, Kebun Karet dan Kelapa Sawit.

Ginger is one of the commodities that has been being used since thousands years ago, and used as the ingredient and spices which is put in trade world wide. This research aims to investigate the weight of the rhizome and NPK fertilizer toward the growth and the crops of the ginger in peat soil. This research was conducted in the Vocational High School of Mempawah Timur, Antibar Village, Mempawah Regency. This research took 6 months, starting from April to December 2018. This research applied Completely Randomizet Design. The first factorial is the weight of rhizoma (B) and NPK fertilizer (P). This design is done by factorial (4X5) with three replications, then the number of the beds were 4 x 5 x 3 = 60 beds, each bed consists of 25 plants. There happened an interaction between rhizome and NPK fertilizer towards the dependent variable, plant height at 150 HST (the day after plantation) and 180 HST, the number of bud at 90 HST, 120 HST, 150 HST and the rhizome dry weight at 60 HST.

The Indonesian government has spent lots of budgets and built more infrastructures to escalate the intensive rice farming in the tidal swamps since 1970s. However, the success story is very limited.  This study aims to describe some obstacles in the practice of rice intensification, and also to explain some factors leading to their failure.  In explaining this context, we refer them to our-own-experiences in tidal lowlands development project from 2008 to 2009, literatures study, and then it is deepened by doing collectives case study –that is consisting of three studies in the type of-B, C, and D overflows.  The local farmers used to reject the intensive rice farming practices.  The use of local paddy varieties is a prefer strategy option. It is closely related to minimize the farming cost and also as a strategy so that they have more time to manage another farm activities.  Rationally the farmers prefer growing a variety of perrenial crop species that suits their personal needs and strategies. In conclusion, this study showed that agro-ecological based farm could be the most adaptive way in optimizing the indigenous rice farming.

The use of acid sulphate land for soybean cultivation has several problems such as low soil pH and available phosphate and high Fe content. The effort to overcome acid sulphate land margins is by adding biochar and calcification. The study was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two factors. The first factor is the dose of rice husk biochar with three levels of doses (0, 5% and 10%) and the second factor is the dose of shellfish flour with three dosages (0, 12, 14 g/polybag and 24.28 g/polybag). The parameters observed were plant growth and yield. The results showed that application of shellfish flour with a dose of 24.28 g/polybag can increase the dry weight of the highest crop seeds, which is equal to 65.33 g/plant.