In recent years, fertilizers and biological products are widely used for cultivating perennial grasses to form highly productive agrocenoses and reduce the cost of feed. The issues of the use of biologically active substances for pre-sowing seeds of perennial herbs in combination with leaf fertilizing are of great practical importance. In the soil and climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region, the pre-sowing seed treatment with Azotovite 2 kg/t in combination with leaf treatment with Flavobacterine 4 l/ha depending provided an additional yield of 2.5–4.8 t/ha of green mass with a content of 440–960 feed units. The effect of the above biological products is equivalent to the application of 70–88 kg/ha of mineral fertilizers and cost savings in the amount of 1.5–1.9 thousand rubles/ha.

Research with the aim of developing and implementing highly effective methods of surface improvement of floodplain meadows with partial preservation of old herbage and sowing of new perennial grasses based on the widespread use of modern integrated agricultural machines and implements was carried out in 2016-2020 in the Republic of Tatarstan. The scheme of the experiment included the following options: processing of the sod of the floodplain meadow (factor A) – without processing; disking BDN 4 ×4 + flat-cutting processing to a depth of 22 ...24 cm KPG-2-150; processing with a universal cultivator-planar cutter with piercing action harrows (KPU-5,4) of the Perm Machine-Building Plant; processing with a cultivator-planar cutter equipped with a perforating action harrow (KPBL-3) of the Kazan State Agrarian University design; sowing of perennial grasses and mineral fertilizers (factor B) – without sowing and without fertilizers; sowing of alfalfa-stalk grass mixture at the rate of 12 kg/ha (6 million pcs/ha of germinating seeds) in combination with annual application in spring N45P20K45. The control was a natural grass stand without processing, without sowing and without applying mineral fertilizers. The results of the research have shown high efficiency of the complex application of the following agrotechnical techniques: layer-by-layer tillage using a cultivator-planer equipped with a perforating action harrow (KPBL-3), sowing seeds of perennial grasses and annual spring fertilizing N45P20K45. At the same time, the yield of the green mass of the floodplain meadow increases by 2.74 times compared to the original herbage, the profitability of feed production is 73.6%, the cost price is reduced to 6910 rubles. at the selling price for 1000 feed units, 12,000 rubles. The total energy costs for surface improvement of the floodplain meadow increase from 18.4 in the control variant to 21.6 GJ/ha, however, the accumulation of exchange energy in feed outstrips these costs by 3.2 times.

At present, the scientific and practical physical and geographical zoning of territories is of great importance for resolving issues of maintaining ecological balance. The applied value of such zoning is the definition of individual natural complexes that differ in natural conditions and natural resources, which subsequently allows us to optimize the conservation of ecological balance [1]. In this regard, it is necessary to pay more and more attention to such types of zoning and zoning of the territory of the republic as: agroclimatic; physical and geographical; natural agricultural; soil erosion; agricultural soil. For land management purposes on an adaptive-landscape basis, it is necessary to take into account all available recommendations and scientific developments on zoning and zoning of the territory of the republic for the proper environmentally sound organization of the territory. Taking into account such environmental indicators as agricultural development, plowing, forest cover, anthropogenic load for on-farm land management on an adaptive-landscape basis, zoning and zoning of the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan were carried out. During the research it was revealed that the environmental stability of the territory is deteriorating in the Republic of Tatarstan, which imposes new requirements on the design of environmental protection measures in order to eliminate the negative consequences of anthropogenic origin.

The simplest ecologically safe, energetically and economically advantageous direction for solving the problem of feed production is the expansion of the acreage of leguminous perennial grasses, since they are distinguished by high nutritional and digestibility. At the same time, it is impossible to solve the problem of balancing the ration of feeding animals only at the expense of alfalfa seedlings, clover meadow or goatskin, since in them the content of the sum of sugars does not exceed 4-6 percent. Meanwhile, in the dry matter of ryegrass of multi-hulled, the content of the sum of sugars reaches 20 percent or more. In this connection, this article deals with the cultivation of alfalfa-ryegrass stands on the calculated background of mineral nutrition in order to increase the production of energy-saturated feeds balanced by the sugar-protein ratio.