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Introduction. The philosophical reception of the foundations of the social and the principles of war act as connected processes. A historically specific type of socio-cultural being generates a unique way of philosophical articulation about the nature of the order of society and culture, war and peace. The purpose of the study is explicating the connection between the type of conceptualizing war (classical, total, new war) and understanding the principles of social order. Methods. The author uses methods of the historical and constructivist approach as the leading methodology in studying the problem of the war and the sociocultural order connection. Scientific novelty of the research. By highlighting the strategic principles of different theories of war (classical trinitarian war, the concept of total war and mobilization, the theory of “new wars”), the connection between the order of war and the fundamental foundations of society and culture at different stages of historical development is shown. Results. Consideration of the three theories of war allows us to present them as different projects for understanding the socio-cultural order of the Art Nouveau philosophy. The author highlights and analyzes the leading provisions of historically different theories of wars: “war as a continuation of politics”; “the totality of war and mobilization” as the basis of the socio-political order; “new war” as a concept of cultural turn. Conclusions. Modern studies of war are distinguished by an active appeal to understanding the connection between armed clashes and the concreteness of cultural life, which sets the context, way of thinking and actions of potential actors in military operations. The article shows that current theories and practices of war are characterized by a kind of coexistence of layers of social reality that are different in their historical depth.

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The article is devoted to identification and analysis of documents of the executive committee of the Volgograd City Council of Workers’ Deputies containing decisions on naming and renaming of streets and squares of the city. As they reflect the historical process, the urbanonyms have great research potential. A comprehensive study of urbanonyms as a historical source involves disclosure of factors motivating to name and rename urban sites and consideration of decision-making process, which in its turn involves a wide range of documentary material. The source base of the study is minutes of meetings and decisions (with appendices) of the Executive Committee of the Volgograd City Council of Workers’ Deputies. In the course of the study, a representative sample collection has been formed, the object of which is the Battle of Stalingrad. Memory of the heroism of the defenders of Stalingrad is the brightest component of the social environment of modern Volgograd. The organizational and administrative documentation has allowed the authors to reconstruct the process of naming and renaming of streets and squares in Volgograd, to determine the mechanism of names selection, to point out specific features of the City Executive Committee’s work on this issue. Documents of Volgograd representative authority contain diverse historical information about the city toponymy: on causes and initiators of naming and renaming of streets and squares; on persons chosen for perpetuation in street names; on financial and technical issues of decisions implementation; on procedure for informing the executive authority bodies of names chosen for urban objects. The sources reveal the difficulties of this process, which are usually subjective in nature. Urbanonyms reflect substantive aspects of the history of city development (historical and military events), they take note of heroic guard units, role of outstanding personalities of the region and the country, population, administrative units, twin cities. In this regard, the attitude of representative authority bodies to preservation of historical memory in form of urbanonyms is important. Historical memory not only is one of the main channels for transmitting experience and information about the past, but also an important component of a person’s self-identification. The authors note that decision-making procedure for naming of streets and squares has changed under modern conditions; it now involves publicity, comprehensive discussion, and collegiality, thus eliminating errors in preparation of documents and implementation of decisions.

This study aims at determining the specifics of filing a judicial appeal against actions and decisions of legal authorities. The study tasks are to analyze procedural rules that provide the basis and procedure for appealing against actions and decisions of legal authorities, as well as court decisions on certain categories of cases with due regard to the effective exercise of the right to access to justice. The authors of the article have established that the mechanism for appealing against actions and decisions of legal authorities to a higher court is based on the use of various approaches enshrined in the procedural rules of different branches of law.