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Background: Infertility is a major health issue with multifactorial etiology. None of the laboratory findings alone is conclusive in diagnosing infertility. A minimally invasive method such as laparoscopy has come into play in finding the etiology and planning the further management of infertility. This study is intended to focus the role of laparoscopy in finding the causes of infertility in a rural set up area. Methods: 100 cases of primary and secondary infertility were subjected to laparoscopy after taking informed consent. Causes of infertility were found out. The present study was conducted at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Wardha from 2011-2013. Results: There were 75 cases (75%) of primary infertility as against 25 cases (25%) of secondary infertility. A maximum of 40 cases (40%) were in the age group of 20-25 years. Uterine causes contributed about 14 cases (14%), tubal causes contributed about 34 (34%), ovarian factors accounted for 27 cases (27%), peritoneal causes contributed for 7 cases (7%), unexplained infertility accounted for 18 cases (18%). Conclusions: Laparoscopy is a gold standard for tubal, ovarian cases, in cases of endometriosis and in adhesions till date. Laparoscopy can be used for evaluation of almost all the cases of infertility. Because of its potential diagnostic and therapeutic benefits, all the patients with infertility should undergo laparoscopy prior to any advance procedure in infertility management. Diagnostic laparoscopy has become so important in the evaluation of infertility that it has now been considered as a basic skill which should be learnt by every gynaecologist in the advanced scientific era.

Background: Preterm birth remains a significant problem in obstetric care, affecting women and babies world-wide. Progesterone has an essential role in maintaining pregnancy by suppression of the calcium–calmodulin–myosin light chain kinase system. This study reflects the use of progesterone in preventing preterm birth.Methods: The data were collected as a retrospective study from SAMC and PGI Obstetric and Gynaecology Department.Results: With the use of Oral micronized progesterone out of 15 cases, term delivery 9 cases i.e. 60% and preterm delivery 6 cases i.e 40% and, with the use of vaginal progesterone suppository out of 15 cases, term delivery 11 cases i.e.73.3%, preterm delivery only 4 cases i.e 26.7%.Conclusions: Progesterone appears to be safe and efficacious in reducing the risk of preterm birth as well as NICU admissions, and neonatal morbidity and mortality in high risk patients. However, there is limited information available relating to longer-term infant and childhood outcomes, the assessment of which remains a priority. Further, trials are required to assess the optimal timing, mode of administration and dose of administration of progesterone therapy when given to women considered to be at increased risk of early birth.

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