The use of heavy metals in the manufacturing industry over the past few decades has eventually contributed to a rise in the flow of metallic compounds into wastewater and has raised significant ecological and health threats to living things. Adsorption is an excellent way to treat solid waste effluent, offering significant benefits such as affordability, profitability, ease of operation and efficiency. However, the price of commercial adsorbent namely activated carbon has soared due to its high demand. There is also a green improvement in this method by turning the commercial adsorbent into agricultural waste. In Malaysia, the oil palm waste is such suitable material that can be utilized for making activated carbon, since they are ample and easy to find. Additionally, part of them is agricultural waste that cannot be consumed (i.e. leaves and fronds). Hence, this study aimed to analyse the potential of activated carbon from agricultural waste, namely oil palm waste, in reducing the levels of heavy metals in industrial wastewater.

The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding on dual water supply system consisting of rainwater and groundwater. The pilot study of the designed system was carried out at the

Abstract. Socio-economic growth at present exerting pressure on the capacity of water supply. Water has been harvested worldwide since antiquity, thus, it is essential to manage the potential available of natural water supplies in the catchment to save water for dry periods when the supply-demand gap is comparatively high. The overall aim of this paper is to present a general overview of rainwater harvesting system and groundwater, and their potential applications for daily use. Many countries have implement the rainwater harvesting system as a sustainable approach for supplementing their public water supply. In Malaysia, the guidelines for rainwater harvesting implementations was first created in 1999 and developed by time to time to attract users. By using the system, the main findings reveals that it has overcome several of water problem issues. Groundwater is another alternative water supply that can be counted. Research has found that the availability of groundwater in few states in Malaysiawas in freshwater category based on its hardness level results. Thus, conclusions and recommendations are drawn where the gaps exist and more research needs to be focussed.

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