Kesehatan dan kesejahteraan berhak dimiliki oleh setiap orang. Berdasarkan Riskesdas tahun 2013, penduduk yang tergolong kurang aktif tingkat aktivitas fisiknya berada di atas rata-rata. Adanya pandemi COVID-19 mengakibatkan pembatasan kegiatan di luar rumah sehingga mengganggu kegiatan sehari-hari seperti latihan dan aktivitas fisik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui intensitas aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan oleh pria di masa pandemi COVID-19. Studi cross-sectional dengan metode total sampling dilakukan dalam penelitian ini sehingga didapatkan responden masyarakat berjenis kelamin laki-laki sejumlah 90. Data dikumpulkan dengan mengisi kuesioner GPAQ. Hasil kuisioner menunjukkan bahwa rerata nilai Metabolic Equivalent (MET) untuk total aktivitas fisik adalah 2365.42. Nilai MET tertinggi ada pada domain rekreasi (619.44). Responden yang memiliki intensitas aktivitas fisik yang rendah sebesar 40%, sedang 33% dan tinggi 27%. Aktivitas fisik tinggi banyak dijumpai pada Mahasiswa (25.7%). Rata-rata waktu yang dihabiskan untuk kegiatan menetap adalah 344 menit. Pelajar memiliki waktu kegiatan menetap tertinggi (428.57). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian responden masih melakukan aktivitas fisik sedang (33%) dan aktivitas fisik tinggi (27%). Namun persentase lebih besar ada pada aktivitas fisik rendah (40%) yang menandakan bahwa sebagian responden belum memenuhi rekomendasi WHO dalam melakukan aktivitas fisik sehari-hari untuk kesehatan.

Highlights:1. The incidence of respiratory tract infection (RTI) showed no difference between patients with cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD).2. RTI patients with acyanotic CHD experienced longer hospital lengths of stay. AbstractIntroduction: Respiratory tract infection (RTI) is the leading cause of children mortality rate in the world. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common congenital disease that plays a role in RTI incidents. However, between the 2 types of CHD, which type that is more potential to cause the RTI is not well identified. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and hospitalization time of RTI between 2 types of CHD and describe the profile of the patients based on gender, age, nutrition, and immunization status.Methods: This retrospective study identified the medical records of children with RTI and all types of CHD aged 0-18 years old at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. The diagnosis of CHD was observed by echocardiography and RTI was observed by clinical symptoms.Results: Of 135 patients, the incidence of RTI showed no difference between a patient with cyanotic and acyanotic CHD. The majority of the patient was aged less than 3 years old (93.3%) and dominated by male patients (53.3%). The frequency of children with severe underweight and good nutritional status was equal. There were 85 patients who had incomplete immunization based on their age. The most common type of acyanotic CHD was an atrial septal defect (ASD). Cyanotic CHD was dominated by the tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). Pneumonia was the common type of RTI (108/135). RTI patients with acyanotic CHD had a longer time of hospitalization than cyanotic patients (11 days).Conclusion: This study found that RTI patients with acyanotic CHD experienced longer hospital lengths of stay.

Highlights1. Heart failure preserved ejection fraction increases the mortality rate every year.2. Definitive therapy for HFpEF is not well identified.3. Crocus sativus phytochemical has anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects due to iNOS and PDE-9 inhibition. AbstractBackground: Heart failure preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex disease associated with metabolic disease as a risk factor. A previous study found an association between iNOS and PDE-9 with inflammation and myocardial fibrosis in HFpEF. Objective: This study aimed to identify the potential phytochemicals of Crocus sativus (Saffron) that can inhibit protein iNOS and PDE-9 based on a molecular docking study. Material and Method: A total of fifty phytochemicals were obtained from Dr. Duke’s Phytochemical Database and IJAH IPB. Those phytochemicals were screened by using the PyRx application and followed with Lipinski’s Rule of Five screening by using SWISS Adme. Ten phytochemicals with lowest binding energy for each protein were docked and visually analyzed using Autodock 4.2 and BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer 2016. Results: The best binding energy between protein-phytochemicals were -9.17 kcal/mol and -8.55 kcal/mol for iNOS and -9.17 kcal,/mol and -9.08 kcal/mol for PDE-9. Conclusion: Delphinidine and malvidin are the recommended inhibitors against iNOS and PDE-9 and must be investigated in further research.