The present study was undertaken in 100 subjects, 30 diabetics without complication (group I), 40 diabetics with retinopathy (group II) and 30 non diabetic as normal control group (group III). Blood sugar levels, magnesium, cholesterol and triglyceride were analyzed from plasma and serum. The results were correlated with degree of diabetic control from the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin. Serum magnesium levels in group II were found to be significantly lowered than in group I. There was also significant difference in magnesium levels of group I and group III. We found a significant correlation between the glycosylated hemoglobin and magnesium levels in our study.The results also indicate that the patients with diabetic retinopathy showed significant rise in serum cholesterol and triglyceride. Probably hypomagnesemia and increased serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels are responsible for microvascular changes in diabetes leading to retinopathy. The purpose of this study was thus to gather information about the degree of control of diabetes and magnesium status.

Senile dementia is a neurodegeneration disease characterized by loss of memory, attention and cognitive functions. Lipoproteins are large lipid and protein complexes that play a major role in carrier of lipophilic and lipid molecule in plasma and central nervous system. The systemic hyperlipidemia may damage the Blood brain barrier via inflammatory and other mechanisms, with consequent leakage of serum lipoproteins. Inflammatory cytokines, and other amyloidogenic factors increases oxidative Stress and has important role in attention, cognition. In the present study we evaluated the levels of lipoproteins in Alzheimer's dementia patients, and observed significantly higher levels of lipoproteins in Alzheimer's dementia patients compared to healthy controls (P<0.001). The present study conducted on 50 healthy controls and 50 Alzheimer's dementia patients by using standard methods.

The senile dementia is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of memory, attention and cognitive functions. The oxidants- antioxidant plays important role by several mechanism by reducing toxic Amyloid-β in neurons The Alzheimer's disease is due to Amyloid-β deposition in the brain and production of neurofibrillary tangles. Amyloid-β induces reactive oxygen species in brain of Alzheimer dementia patients. In the present study we evaluated the levels of Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase, Catalase, Vitamin C and Vitamin E and Vitamin B6 in Alzheimer dementia patients. It has been observed lower levels of Enzymatic, Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants and increased serum levels of malondialdehyde significantly in Alzheimer's dementia patients as compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001). Thus, altered oxidative stress markers may play important role in neurodegenerative diseases like Senile dementia. Serum levels of Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase, Catalase, Vitamin C and Vitamin E and Vitamin B6 and Malondialdehyde (indicator of Lipid peroxidation) were measured using standard methods in 50 healthy controls and 50 Alzheimer's dementia patients.