Insecticide resistance is a major challenge in successful insect pest control as the insects have the ability to develop resistance to various widely used insecticides. Butene-fipronil is a novel compound with high toxicity to insects and less toxicity to the non-target organisms. In the present study, the effect of butene-fipronil alone and in combination with three enzyme inhibitors, piperonyl butoxide (PBO), diethyl maleate (DEM), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP), was carried out on larvae and adults of Drosophilia melanogaster. Our results indicated that the co-toxicity indices of butene-fipronil + PBO, butene-fipronil + TPP, and butene-fipronil + DEM mixtures were 437.3, 335.0, and 210.3, respectively, in the second-instar larvae, while 186.6, 256.2, and 238.5, respectively, in the adults, indicating synergistic effects. Interestingly, butene-fipronil increased the expression of CYP28A5 in the larvae; CYP9F2, CYP304A1, CYP28A5, and CYP318A1 in the female adults; and CYP303A1 and CYP28A5 in the male adults. Furthermore, high-level expression of Est-7 was observed in the female adults compared to larvae and male adults. Our results suggest that there is no difference in butene-fipronil metabolism in larvae and male and female adults of D. melanogaster.

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<abstract><p>In this paper, we investigate the relation of generalized Meijer $ G $-functions with some other special functions. We prove the generalized form of Laguerre polynomials, product of Laguerre polynomials with exponential functions, logarithmic functions in terms of generalized Meijer $ G $-functions. The generalized confluent hypergeometric functions and generalized tricomi confluent hypergeometric functions are also expressed in terms of the generalized Meijer $ G $-functions.</p></abstract>

The aim of this paper is to prove Laplace transform of some special functions in term of generalized Meijer G-functions. Some properties of generalized Meijer G-functions will be discussed. We investigate the Laplace transform of different hypergeometric functions in the form of generalized Meijer G-functions and hypergeometric functions. We derive Laplace transform of Bessel k-functions, hyper-Bessel k-functions, incomplete gamma k-function, sine k-integral, sine hyperbolic k-integral, Kelvin k-function in the form of generalized Meijer G-functions. In fact, we provide new approach to find Laplace transform of said functions.

The aim of this paper is to prove some identities in the form of generalized Meijer G -function. We prove the relation of some known functions such as exponential functions, sine and cosine functions, product of exponential and trigonometric functions, product of exponential and hyperbolic functions, binomial expansion, logarithmic function, and sine integral, with the generalized Meijer G -function. We also prove the product of modified Bessel function of first and second kind in the form of generalized Meijer G -function and solve an integral involving the product of modified Bessel functions.