Integrated hygienic assessment of the sanitary and epidemiological situation with occupational diseases in the coal industry of Kuzbass allowed: to establish quantitative parameters improve levels of occupational diseases in 2008–2015; determine the structure of occupational diseases in their nosological forms, length of service and age to occur; find quantitative depending on the length of service before the emergence of occupational diseases from grade 3 class working conditions; rank the causes and circumstances of occupational diseases; give miners hygienic characteristics professions and sections of workers, contributing most to the occupational diseases.

No abstract

РезюмеЦель. Установление количественных зави-симостей стажа работников при возникновении ПЗ от степени вредных 3 класса условий тру-да с определением потерь в профессиональном стаже при воздействии различных факторов ра-бочей среды и трудового процесса.Материалы и методы. В исследовании рассмотрены диагностированные в 2008-2015 гг. в Кемеровской области (КО) 4860 случаев ПЗ, по каждому из которых имелись акты расследования, содержащие данные о диагнозе, профессиональном маршруте и стаже при возникновении ПЗ, воздействую-щих факторах рабочей среды, классе условий труда, причинах и обстоятельствах возникно-вения ПЗ. Для установления количественных зависимостей между степенью 3 класса усло-вий труда и стажем работы до возникновения ПЗ использовался многофакторный корреля-ционно-регрессионный анализ по програм-ме «Multiple Regression» пакета Statistica 6,0. Получены уравнения множественной линей-ной регрессии с коэффициентами корреля-ции, детерминации и степенью их статисти-ческой значимости.Результаты. Определено, что между стажем работников при возникновении ПЗ и степенью 3 класса условий труда имеются прямые, силь-ные, статистически значимые связи, описывае-мые уравнениями линейной регрессии. Показа-но, что при условиях труда 2 класса, отвечаю-щих требованиям гигиенических нормативов, профессиональный стаж может сохраняться до 34…37 лет. В зависимости от степени 3 класса условий труда стаж работников может с вероят-ностью 69…71 % составлять при возникнове-нии: нейросенсорной тугоухости 16,4…29,7 го-да; вибрационной болезни 15…28 лет; пылевых бронхитов 14…31 год; болезней опорно-двига-тельного аппарата 12…30 лет. В КО с учетом ежегодно диагностированных 1050…1200 слу-чаев ПЗ определены потенциальные потери стажа квалифицированными работниками из-за преждевременного прекращения профессио-нальной деятельности. ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ

Unfavorable working conditions at the workplaces of agricultural enterprises are the reason for the development of occupational pathology, which makes it necessary to conduct a hygienic assessment of the occupational morbidity of workers in the agricultural sector of the Kemerovo region. The methods used are the analysis of primary statistical forms of accounting for occupational diseases, hygienic assessment of working conditions, and a comprehensive hygienic assessment of occupational morbidity in accordance with the «Methods of computer modeling of the sanitary and epidemiological situation with occupational morbidity in the Kemerovo region. Methodological recommendations» using the cluster analysis program «Cluster Analysis». For the period 2008–2018. In the region, only 58 cases of occupational diseases were registered among agricultural workers, while 90 % of enterprises are classified as objects of the 2–3 group of sanitary and epidemiological welfare. In contrast to the gradual decline in indicators in the country as a whole, the region recorded peaks in the incidence in 2009, 2011, 2013 and 2017. At the same time, the correlation analysis indicates a direct strong correlation between the dynamics of occupational morbidity in the region and in the Russian Federation (R = 0.862702; p < 0.05). The results of the analysis of the method of establishing the diagnosis indicate that in relation to diseases that arose as a result of exposure to physical overload, vibroacoustic factors, only 60 % were detected during periodic medical examinations. The structure of occupational diseases was dominated by radiculopathy — 33 %, vibration disease — 31 %, brucellosis — 25 %. The analysis of cause-and-effect relationships, the clusters of professions obtained using the method of mathematical modeling (driver and blacksmith-cluster distance 1,4, mechanic and plasterer-cluster distance 2,2, independent clusters-tractor driver and wood feller) and the similarity of the development of unfavorable sanitary and epidemiological situations in relation to them should be used in the activities of the Rospotrebnadzor Department as a basis for planning control and supervisory measures and for justifying preventive measures to preserve labor potential.

Introduction.High levels of occupational incidence in coal miners of the Kemerovo Region determine the need to optimize the State Committ ee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Oversight for in-depth study of risk factors and planning of medical and preventive measures.The aim of the studyis to optimize the activities of the State Committ ee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Oversight in the planning of supervisory and sanitary measures aimed at reducing the level of OD in the coal industry.Materials and methods.On the basis of a sample of materials from the database of the Department of State Committ ee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Oversight in the Kemerovo Region on the occupational morbidity of miners for 2008–2016, the analysis of data on working conditions, age, experience, dynamics of occupational morbidity. Th e information on 7515 cases of occupational diseases in workers of coal mining enterprises is analyzed.Results.Indicators of occupational disease in the miners of the Kemerovo Region are higher than the national level, amounting to 13.23 per 10 thousand of the employed population. Employees of the main professions of the coal industry are particularly susceptible to occupational diseases: sinkers, miners of treatment faces, machinists of mining excavation machines, underground electric locksmiths, drivers of heavy vehicles, drivers of excavators and bulldozers. The reasons for the formation of occupational diseases in miners are unfavorable working conditions: physical overload, dust and gas contamination, noise and vibration, high humidity of the working area at low temperatures. Occupational diseases are more commonly diagnosed in workers aged 41 to 50 years (28.01%) and 51 to 60 years (69.23%). Th e most at risk of occupational disease are those working in contact with the harmful production factor for 21–30 years (60.5%) and from 31 to 40 years (26.1%).Conclusions. The results of the study are necessary for the rational planning of control measures and reasoned conclusions in the preparation of sanitary and hygienic characteristics of working conditions with suspicion of occupational diseases.