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The paper presents the results of a study on the content of free amino acids, including essential ones, vitamins C and P, biologically important macro- and microelements in table grapes of the middle ripening varieties Ag raisins, Vezne, Galan, Hamburg Muscat and Samur, cultivated on the plain in Southern Dagestan Region. The qualitative composition and quantitative content of free amino acids were determined by HPLC on an AAA-881 analyzer. Amino acids tryptophan, cystine and methionine were identified by paper chromatography due to the fact that they decompose when exposed to a temperature of 102 ° C in the amino analyzer reactor. The mass concentration of vitamin C was identified titrimetrically, vitamin P was identified colorimetrically (FEK-56M, Russia), the mineral composition of grapes was identified by flame and atomic absorption photometry using Flapho-4 (Germany) and Hitachi-208 (Japan) devices. Each of the varieties had 18 amino acids, including a full set of essential ones. The total number of detected amino acids was 368.5 (Ag raisins) - 279.9 mg / dm3 (Vezne), and irreplaceable ones - from 103.8 (Hamburg muscat) to 132.4 mg / dm3 (Ag raisins). All experimental grape samples contained vitamins C, from 2.6 (Galan) to 3.7 mg / dm3 (Ag raisins) and P - from 78.0 (Samur) to 131.3 mg / dm3 (Galan), as well as physiologically important minerals. Studies have shown that in terms of the amount of free amino acids, including essential vitamins C and P, healthy minerals, such grapes as Ag raisins, Vezne, Galan, Hamburg and Samur Muscat, grown in the south of Dagestan are natural products with functional properties. Eating it fresh contributes to the normalization of metabolic processes in the human body. Additionally, these grapes can be successfully used as a raw material for the production of multicomponent functional food.

Определены агробиологические и технологические показатели винограда сортов Асыл кара, Платовский, Рубин Голодриги, Саперави и Алый терский с целью получения данных об адаптивных проявлениях интродуцентов к условиям культивирования в Дагестане, и определения сортов с лучшими технологическими свойствами. Исследования проводили с применением современных и классических методов агробиологического учета и определения технологических свойств винограда. Результаты фенологических наблюдений показали различия в наступлении периода полной зрелости ягод у исследованного винограда (от 1 до 43 дней), что говорит о влиянии экологических условий места выращивания и позволяет причислить сорта к следующим группам по срокам созревания: Платовский в Дагестане проявил свойства винограда сверхраннего срока созревания, Асыл кара - ранне-среднего, Алый терский - среднего, а Саперави и Рубин Голодриги - среднепозднего. Урожайность винограда - главный показатель оценки степени адаптации сорта к условиям возделывания, у интродуцированных сортов Асыл кара и Рубин Голодриги высокая (70-100 ц/га), у Платовского, Саперави и аборигенного сорта Алого терского очень высокая (свыше 100 ц/га). Лучшими по строению грозди оказались сорта Саперави (27,6) и Платовский (24,6), высокое значение показателя её сложения определено у сортов Рубин Голодриги (16,2), Алый терский (13,9) и Саперави (13,2). Последние лидировали и по величине структурного показателя (отличались большим количеством мякоти с соком - 88-91% от массы грозди и низким содержание скелета и твердого остатка), что является ценным технологическим свойством, которое у интродуцентов Рубина Голодриги и Саперави проявилось также хорошо, как и у аборигенного сорта Алого терского. У всех изученных сортов содержание сахаров и титруемых кислот соответствовало требованиям, предъявляемым к техническим сортам. Сведения о положительном проявлении адаптивных способностей исследованных сортов в условиях южной равнинно-предгорной зоны Дагестана важны на современном этапе формирования промышленного сортимента для успешного развития виноградовинодельческой отрасли сельского хозяйства Республики Дагестан.The agrobiological and technological characteristics of grapevine cultivars ‘Asyl kara’, ‘Platovskiy’, ‘Rubin Golodrigi’, ‘Saperavi’ and ‘Alyi terskii’ were assessed in order to collect data on adaptive behaviour of introduced species in the conditions of Dagestan, and determine cultivars with the best technological properties. Modern and standard methods were applied for agrobiologic registration and determination of technological properties of grapevines. The phenological observation data revealed differences in the full berry ripeness period of the studied cultivars (from 1 to 43 days) which confirms the ecological conditions impact of the cultivation place, and allows to rank cultivars by the following groups according to berry ripening dates: ‘Platovskiy’ in Dagestan demonstrated the potential of an extra early ripening period; ‘Asyl kara’ -early and medium, ‘Alyi terskii’ - medium, and ‘Saperavi’ and ‘Rubin Golodrigi’ - medium and late ripening period. Grapevine fertility is the principal indicator in assessment of the extent of grapevine adaptation to certain cultivation conditions. Thus, introduced cultivars ‘Asyl kara’ and ‘Rubin Golodrigi’ demonstrated high fertility (70-100 c/ha), ‘Platovskiy’, ‘Saperavi’ and aboriginal variety ‘Alyi terskii’ - very high fertility (over 100 c/ha). By cluster morphology, ‘Saperavi’ (27.6) and ‘Platovskiy’ (24.6) cultivars were the best. The high value of morphology indicator was demonstrated by ‘Rubin Golodrigi’ (16.2), ‘Alyi terskii’ (13.9) and ‘Saperavi’ (13.2). The latter were in the lead also by the structural indicator value (they stood out for a large amount of pulp with juice - 88-91% of the cluster weight, and low crest weight and solid residue), which is a valuable technological characteristic demonstrated by ‘Rubin Golodrigi’, ‘Saperavi’, and aboriginal grapevine ‘Alyi terskii’. Sugar and titratable acids content of all the studied cultivars were consistent with the requirements for wine cultivars. Data on positive manifestation of adaptive abilities of the studied cultivars in the conditions of the southern plain-piedmont zone of Dagestan are important for the formation of industrial assortment to ensure successful development of the viticinicultural industry of the agriculture of the Republic of Dagestan.

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