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We experimentally demonstrate the recently predicted effect of near-field focusing for light beams from flat dielectric subwavelength gratings (SWGs). This SWGs were designed for visible light 532 nm and fabricated by direct laser writing in a negative photoresist, with the refractive index n=1.5 and the period d=314  nm. The laterally invariant gratings can focus light beams without any optical axis to achieve the transversal invariance. We show that focal distances can be obtained up to 13 μm at normal reflection for TE polarization.

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Electrical resistance of the vacuum-deposited condensate has non-linear relation to the condensate film thickness. Therefore, there exists a need for experiments to study applicability of the non-invasive method for condensate resistance measurement and to identify parameters by measuring condensate resistance directly. By using two-point measurement probes, this study analyses the influence of electrons emitted in the process of evaporator electronic emission on the method for direct measurement of condensate resistance.