The article gives the electrical conductivity of whole and shredded plant tissue. An experimental study was made of the dependence of the resistivity value and the volume occupied by the pulp on the pressing time and specific pressures on the pulp while taking into account the amount of pressed juice. The electrical resistance (R) of whole and crushed plant tissue was experimentally studied, which, when processing the results, was recalculated to the specific electrical resistance (ρ) of the tissue. The specific pressure (P) on the tissue was determined using a reference manometer, and the deformation (ΔH) of the sample was measured with a dial indicator.

The article presents the theoretical basis of the effect of electrical pulse processing on the process of obtaining juice from grapes and fruits. High-voltage pulsed electrical processing technology for biological products has a higher damaging effect on living cells than other electrical effects, and this can be achieved due to the passage of large discharges of current through tissues and cells in a short period of time. It has been found that high efficiency in killing living cells by secretion can be achieved as a result of a pulsed energy effect. In order to develop energy-efficient electrical technology for extracting juice from fruits and grapes, it has been found that high-voltage electric pulse discharge treatment of grapes and apples before extracting juice has a good effect. Analytical expressions between electrical impulse processing parameters (pulse energy and capacitor capacity) and juice output were determined. The degree of damage to fruit and grape cells depends on the capacitance of the capacitor, the discharge voltage, and the number of pulses.

This article presents the results of experimental studies to determine the effect of electrical impulse processing parameters on the output of juice from the pulp. It is based on the effect of pulse energy and voltage on apple juice. The influence of an electrical impulse on the production of juice before pressing fruit pulps has been studied. It is based on the optimal parameters of the grinding rate of the raw material, which affects the efficiency of processing with electric pulses. An additional large amount of juice was detected after the pulp was treated with electrical impulses. Based on the voltage dependence of the juice obtained from the raw material and the direct interaction of the field with the electrically charged system of the cell protoplasm.

In this article was applied a comprehensive research method which made it possible to quite fully investigate the mechanism of the effect of electrical impulses on the protoplasm of cells and determine the optimal parameters of such effect on plant raw materials, ensuring high efficiency of their use to increase the juice yield. The complex research method made it possible to obtain the necessary data for the implementation of the electrical method for intensifying the process of extracting juice from plant materials. Due to the fact that the issues related to the use of electrical impulses for the processing of plant materials have been little studied and there is no sufficiently clear understanding of the mechanism of such an effect on living cells, we made an attempt to investigate the mechanism of this process. A technique has been developed for studying the dynamics of the action of electric current on plant tissue cells. We expressed the yield of juice from raw materials as a percentage of the weight of the pulp, which was processed and pressed. Thus, a comparison of the results of individual experiments showed an absolute increase in juice yield as a percentage.

This paper presents the results of research on the choice of the type and modes of operation of the experimental brush-slatted working body for collecting the maturated part of the cotton crop. The calculation of the forces acting on the remains of the cotton crop at separation from the cotton stalk is presented. The schemes of the combination of various types of experimental working bodies at increased speeds of the machine are determined. In conclusion, the results of calculating the economic efficiency of harvesting crop residues with brush-slatted working bodies are presented.