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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of nucleotide supplementation on the oxidative stress induced by a high proportion of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs) in pigs. Twenty-four male growing pigs were penned individually and after an adaptation period divided into three groups. All groups received isocaloric daily rations composed of a basal diet supplemented with either: starch (CONT), linseed oil (LIN) and LIN and nucleotides (LIN + NUC). The experimental period lasted 21 days. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the degree of lymphocyte nuclear DNA damage, the urine malondialdehyde ( MDA) excretion rate, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase concentration and the total anti-oxidant status of plasma. Malondialdehyde concentrations in the blood and MDA urinary excretion rates were higher (P< 0·01) in animals supplemented with LIN and LIN + NUC compared with CONT animals. The degree of DNA damage in the LIN-supplemented animals was also higher (P< 0·01). Compared with the LIN-supplemented animals, nucleotide supplementation reduced (P< 0·01) the degree of DNA damage in lymphocytes to the level of the CONT group. Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase concentration and plasma total anti-oxidant status were similar across treatments. The results of this experiment indicate that nucleotide supplementation effectively eliminates the genotoxic effects of high PUFA intakes on blood lymphocytes and demonstrates new evidence for the immunonutritive effect of nucleotides.

Aim: To evaluate the influence of wheat bran and oat bran on the oxidative stress induced by a high proportion of fat in the diet. Methods: Forty-eight growing pigs were penned individually and after an adaptation period divided into four groups. All groups received isocaloric daily rations composed of basal diet which was then supplemented with: starch (controls; CONT), linseed oil (OIL), linseed oil and wheat bran, or linseed oil and oat bran. The experimental period lasted 14-days. The oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in blood plasma, the 48-hour urinary MDA excretion, and the degree of leukocyte nuclear DNA damage. Results: In comparison with the CONT group, a significant increase in the MDA concentration in blood plasma and in the MDA excretion in urine was found in the OIL group. The degree of DNA damage in the OIL group was also significantly higher. In comparison with the OIL group, the wheat bran and oat bran supplementation significantly reduced the 24-hour MDA excretion in urine and reduced the degree of DNA damage in leukocytes to the level of the CONT group. Conclusion: The results of the experiments confirmed that a high wheat bran and oat bran intake effectively reduces oxidative stress induced by a high-fat diet.

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of substituting lean meat with fat meat on oxidative stress in a diet with or without fruit and vegetables. Methods: Thirty-two pigs were divided into groups and fed isocaloric daily rations: LM+FV (balanced diet with lean meat and fruit and vegetables); FM+FV (as LM+FV, but lean meat was substituted with fat meat); LM–FV (as LM+FV, but without fruit and vegetables), and FM–FV (as FM+FV, but without fruit and vegetables). Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the 24-hour urine malondialdehyde excretion rate, the degree of leukocyte nuclear DNA damage, the concentration of tocopherols in blood plasma, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity and the total antioxidant status of plasma. Results: The substitution of lean meat with fat meat modestly increased the rate of leukocyte DNA damage only in the diet with fruit and vegetables but had no effect in the group deprived of fruit and vegetables. Regardless of the fruit and vegetable content of the diet, the substitution of lean meat with fat meat did not affect any other parameters measured. In comparison to both fruit- and vegetable-containing diets, the deprivation of fruits and vegetables in the LM–FV and FM–FV groups significantly increased the rate of leukocyte DNA damage and reduced the plasma α-tocopherol level (significant only for FM+FV). Conclusion: The substitution of fat meat with lean meat in a diet with or without fruit and vegetables has only a marginal or no effect on oxidative stress. But fruit and vegetable exclusion markedly increased the level of oxidative stress.