Endosseous dental implants are the treatment of choice for restoring function and reconstructing most edentulousareas of the maxilla and mandible. One of the most common problems in oral implantology is insufficient bone heightbetween the alveolar ridge and the mandible canal, as a result of mandibular atrophy from edentulism. Generally,alveolar bone defects can be reconstructed by either distraction osteogenesis (DO)or autogenous bone grafting(ABG). This paper discussed implant successful rate in DO versus ABG. DO shows a higher successful rate of implantthan ABG with the result more esthetic, lower rate of infection and bone resorption, no pain at donor area, andrelatively uncomplicated.

One of the basic requirements for succesfull transplantation is an adequate size of recipient site with sufficientalveolar support. If the transplantation is performed into a fresh extraction site, the recipient site can easily beadjusted to the transplantation. However, the situation is different in patient with premolar aplasia or early molarloss with marked atrophy of the alveolar process, need additional surgical procedures like bone autograft orsplitting osteotomy of the alveolar process. This paper discussed the effect of bone autograft and splitting osteotomyon root development of transplanted immature third molars. The conclusion is these additional surgical prosedureshad a negative effect on the pulpal and periodontal condition of transplantated immature third molars. This may berelated to revascularization disturbances of pulp due to nutrient insufficiency of the recipient site.