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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a year of cultivation and three agronomic measures (pre-crop, soil tillage, application of fungicides) on the yield of winter wheat grown in the crop rotation without the livestock production. The results from the years 2011–2017, except for the year 2012, from the Žabčice Field Experimental Station (49°01'20''N, 16°37'55''E) were evaluated. The soil texture is clay loam soil and the soil type is fluvisol. In the field trial, winter wheat was grown after two pre-crops (winter wheat, pea). Two soil tillage technologies, namely the conventional tillage – CT (ploughing – at a depth of 24 cm) and the minimum tillage – MT (shallow loosening – at a depth of 15 cm) were used. Two fungicide treatments against leaf and spikelet diseases were used, and they were compared to the non-treated variants. The obtained results showed that the grain yield of winter wheat was statistically influenced not only by a year of cultivation, but also by the pre-crop, the application of fungicides, and mostly by the interaction of these factors with the soil tillage. The importance of pea as a suitable pre-crop for winter wheat was confirmed as the grain yield was higher compared to winter wheat as a pre-crop by an average of 0.49 t/ha. It was also found that the MT is a more appropriate technology than the CT, on average by 0.12 t/ha over the six years. The importance of fungicide treatment was also confirmed, where the grain yield of winter wheat was higher by 0.26 t/ha compared to the non-treated variant. The presented results brought a new knowledge for winter wheat management practice in dry conditions.

This paper examines the relationship among chlorophyll meter Yara N-Tester readings, nutrition status and growth parameters (leaf area index (LAI), plant height) of the winter wheat plants. Data used in this study were collected in 2010 from two fields located in the Czech Republic (area 52 and 38 ha) from different farms, both with uniform and conventional crop management. The monitoring of crop stands was done at growth stage BBCH 30 in a regular sampling grid with 150 m distance between points (27 and 18 points). At each sampling point, the plant height, LAI (Delta-T SunScan) and the chlorophyll concentration (Yara N-Tester) were recorded. Plant samples were taken to analyse the content of main nutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Ca and S). The results of plant analysis showed that both fields were in different nutrition status: one in a correct status and another had a complex nutritional deficit (K, Ca and N). Linear regressions and ANOVA proved that under a multiple nutritional deficit, N-Tester readings responded to the growth of the crop, while in the adequate nutritional conditions the sensitivity of N-Tester to the variation in the nitrogen concentration is lower. The relationships between crop parameters and chlorophyll meter readings are not generalisable and thus the interpretation of N-Tester results has to be done separately for each field.

DUBEC, J., KŘEN, J., PROCHÁZKOVÁ, B., DRYŠLOVÁ, T., DOVRTĚL, J.: Comparison of humus balance methods in relation with yields of monoculture spring barley. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2004, LII, No. 5, pp. 29-40 Long term stationary field experiments with continuous spring barley were conducted in the maizegrowing region on heavy gleic fluvisol from 1974 to 2002. Two variants of straw management (straw harvested and incorporated into soil), two variants of soil tillage (conventional plough tillage to 0.22 m, shallow disc tillage to 0.12-0.15 m) and three variants of fertilization (30, 60 and 90 kg. N ha -1 ) were studied. The results of organic matter balance in the examinated period according to particular methods were related to trends of real humus content which is presented in C ox in particular experiment variants. The examinated method by LEITHOLD et al. (1997), used in model Repro, answers most accurate in given conditions according to hypothesys defined in scientific literature. On the base of this result we can confirm significancy of the result. Other verification of method is appropriate for its using in real conditions in context of agricultural sustainability assesment. Změny ekonomických podmínek jsou úzce spjaty se změnami struktury rostlinné a živočišné produkce. Počet zemědělských podniků bez živočišné produkce nebo podniků s živočišnou produkcí, ale bez potřeby slámy v České republice vzrůstá. Rovněž dochází ke zúžení spektra pěstovaných kulturních plodin a k vý-znamnému nárůstu podílu obilnin. Nedostatek statkových hnojiv a nezbytnost udržení půdní úrodnosti dodávkou organických látek vede k potřebě hnojení slámou.Problematikou vlivu hospodaření se slámou a zpracování půdy na výnosy jarního ječmene a aspekty půdní úrodnosti se zabývala celá řada autorů (ELEN,