O transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) compreende em uma ampla gama de condições que impactam a comunicação social e o comportamento do indivíduo. O Centro de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças, afirma que o TEA é uma questão de saúde pública, com aumento marcante em sua prevalência na população mundial. Por outro lado, o tratamento com canabidiol tem se destacado como uma possível intervenção no manejo do transtorno. Isso porque, através de sua atuação nos neurotransmissores, promove uma regulação positiva dos sintomas associados ao TEA. Desta forma, o objetivo deste artigo foi verificar através de uma revisão bibliográfica, o uso do canabidiol no tratamento de indivíduos com TEA. Os resultados desta pesquisa evidenciaram as contribuições do canabidiol como terapia alternativa aos métodos convencionais para tratamento da sintomatologia do TEA. O tratamento com canabidiol representa grande importância para as condutas de manejo que buscam a qualidade de vida à população com TEA, no entanto, é importante ressaltar a necessidade de estudos que considerem os possíveis efeitos adversos e as consequências do uso a longo prazo.Palavras-chaves: Transtorno do espectro autista, Autismo, Canabidiol.

No abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Hypertension and physical inactivity being the main risk factors for its development and oxidative stress is largely related to the pathogenesis and maintenance of hypertension. In addition, the literature is scarce regarding the benefits of resistance training. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of dynamic resistance training (DRT) on oxidative stress of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). For this, 16 young SHR were divided into 2 groups (n = 8): SM ‐ sedentary males and TM ‐ trained males. They were submitted to the maximum effort test and trained for 8 weeks, and the SM group remained sedentary during the same period. Oxidative stress analyzes were performed on cardiac and renal tissue. As a result, the TM group increased physical capacity compared to the SM group (TM: 737±39.4 vs. SM: 476±50.3 g) and there was no difference in body weight (p=0.97). There was a reduction in lipoperoxidation only in cardiac tissue (TM: 6985±521 vs. SM: 9211±683 cps/mg protein), as well as protein oxidation (TM: 4.91±0.23 vs MS: 6.12±0.23 nmol/mg protein). Hydrogen peroxide was reduced only in renal tissue (TM: 6.83±1.78 vs. SM: 35.54±4.64 nmoles H2O2/g of tissue). There was no difference in the antioxidant enzyme catalase (p>0.05) but there was an increase in superoxide dismutase in both tissues (Heart: TM: 25.38±1.43 vs. SM: 20.08±1.53 USOD/mg protein; Kidney: TM: 7.71±0.22 VS. SM: 7.00±0.16 USOD/mg protein). In addition, the TM group increased the oxidized‐reduced glutathione ratio in cardiac tissue (TM: 11.32±0.47 vs. SM: 8.63±0.32). Thus, we can conclude that moderate‐intensity DRT was able to reduce oxidative stress, reducing target organ damage and increasing antioxidant defenses in a hypertension model. These findings, coupled with the well‐described benefits of aerobic exercise training, may contribute to a reduced risk of cardiovascular events. Support or Funding Information FAPESP: 2015/10329‐5, CAPES.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by changes in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behavior, recognized as a public health problem with a sharp increase in its prevalence in the world population. It is known that brain functioning in individuals with ASD presents important deficits. It is essential to understand these deficits to identify and promote new management strategies for the development of this population with ASD. In this sense, the objective of this chapter is to present, through a literature review, the main risk factors that make up ASD, by showing classic and current findings based on neurophysiological changes and treatments.