This study indicates that measurement of subfoveal choroidal thickness by EDI-OCT is useful for evaluating the activity of uveitis and the therapeutic efficacy in patients with BD.

ABSTRACT. A 10-year-old Miniature Schnauzer with bilateral cryptorchidism and male external genitalia was referred with a history of abdominal enlargement. Upon exploratory laparotomy, two tumors and a connecting structure similar to fluid-filled uterus were recognized. After cytological and bacterial examinations of the fluid and histological examination, this dog was diagnosed with bilateral Sertoli cell tumor with hydrometra. The karyotype of this dog was 78, XY and the sry gene was detected positive by PCR. We diagnosed this dog as a case of persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS), which is male pseudohermaphroditism. This is the first report regarding the incidence of PMDS in Miniature Schnauzers in Japan, and it suggests the involvement of a gene carrier. A 10-year-old male Miniature Schnauzer was referred to Tottori University Animal Teaching Hospital with a history of abdominal enlargement. Physical examination revealed bilateral cryptorchidism with male external genitalia and non-pruritic dorsal lumbar alopecia. On palpation, a large mass was felt in the abdomen. The general condition seemed to be normal, and visible feminization was not recognized.Full CBC and serum biochemistry tests were performed. Slight elevations were observed in the levels of alanine amino transferase (182 U/l), alkaline phosphatase (1,363 U/ l), and total cholesterol (259 mg/dl). The concentrations of serum estradiol and testosterone were 103 pg/ml (reference range of normal male: < 15 pg/ml) and 246 ng/dl (reference range of normal male: 100-300 ng/dl), respectively. Abdominal radiographs detected large masses compressing the normal intestinal canal. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed two masses with mixed echogenecity. Additionally, hypoechogenecity tubular cysts cranial to the bladder were observed, which appeared to be fluid-filled like pyometra or hydrometra.Although the tubular cysts were unidentifiable, the abovementioned findings suggested the possibility of testicular tumors; thus, exploratory laparotomy was performed to explore the possibility of resecting the masses and cysts. A large and a small mass, which were speculated to represent the testicles, were located at the center of the abdomen and attached to the structure like the uterus which was inflated with fluid material. This uterus-like structure had two horns that caudally joined into the body of the uterus, the vagina terminated cranially into the prostate gland. Due to the growing mass, obvious structures like the fallopian duct or the testicular canal were not recognized. After the vagina was ligated, both the tumor and the uterus were extracted (Fig 1). Cytodiagnosis revealed intact erythrocyte and keratinizing epitheliums without pathogenic microorganisms. To identify the presence of aerobic bacteria, culture was performed and any multiplication of bacteria were not observed. The walls of both the uterine horns were thin. Histological examination confirmed bilateral Sertoli cell tumor and normal uterus; no ovarian tissue was found. The postoperative gen...

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OHT in non-granulomatous uveitis was mainly steroid-induced open-angle OHT with some cases of angle-closure OHT caused by pupillary block, while that in granulomatous uveitis was mostly inflammation-induced open-angle OHT with no pupillary block-related angle-closure OHT.

The diagnosis and surgical treatment of spinal epidural empyema (SEE) in a 2-year-old neutered male domestic shorthaired cat is described. SEE was diagnosed by computed tomographic myelography (CT myelography) and surgical exploration. The lesion was missed on both non-enhanced CT and conventional myelography. SEE should be considered in the differential diagnosis of progressive myelopathy in cats, and CT myelography should be undertaken when magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cannot be performed.