This research investigates the way dystopia as film genre is attributed with catastrophe or, what will be regarded here as apocalyptic events. We question the way in which the genre represents state of affairs of humanity in the face of catastrophe, in catastrophe, and after catastrophe. We conducted a narrative analysis under the account of semiotic cognitive approach, by identifying narrated events, and actions of the protagonist as constituting parts of event. We argue that narrative in dystopian films represent three types of apocalyptic schema (i.e. pre-apocalyptic, apocalyptic, and post-apocalyptic). Each schema seems to have distinct model of storyline, regardless of the predefined genre of the film (e.g. adventure, sci-fi, fantasy, etc.). Despite the distinct schemas, the analyzed films illustrate typical tone of hopefulness wherein humanity prevails over catastrophe and dystopian state of affairs. Another typical representation in dystopian films analyzed here is portrayal of collective fear among the protagonist. Our study leads to a point that humanity is portrayed adaptive to catastrophic situations, therefore it is able somehow to survive. Here we offer narrative standard in dystopia genre with the light of cognitive semiotics perspective, which differs to a great degree with theories offered by classical literary studies.

<p><em>Abstrak</em> - <strong>Meskipun Pramoedya Ananta Toer telah dianggap penulis fiksi prominen di lingkup kesusastraan, ternyata salah satu karyanya yang berprestasi (Cerita dari Blora) belum mendapat sorotan telaah sastra. Makalah ini mengambil satu judul cerpen dari antologi itu secara spesifik yaitu Yang sudah Hilang. Pertanyaaan yang dilontarkan di sini adalah bagaimana pembahasaan teks cerpen tersebut membangun representasi adegan referen atau model situasi. Prosesi teks semiotika kognitif digunakan di sini, khususnya prinsip moda kesadaran Chafe, untuk menghasilkan interpretasi yang memperhitungkan objektivitas dalam proses inferensial berbasis pengalaman pemaknaan. Sehubungan dengan hal itu saya berargumen pembahasaan dalam teks menghasilkan model situasi simulasi pengenangan masa lalu terfragmentasi secara introspektif dalam moda percakapan. Masa lalu yang dikenang terfragmentasi dan menghasilkan ironi dramatik. Model situasi tersebut kelihatannya lebih menampilkan elegansi Pram sebagai penulis yang bermain bahasa dan makna, ketimbang fenomena kontekstual yang terlalu lekat dengan subjektivitas.</strong></p><p><strong></strong><br /><strong><em>Kata Kunci</em> - </strong><em>Prosesi Teks Semiotika Kognitif, Model Situasi, Moda Kesadaran, Ironi Dramatic</em></p><p><strong></strong><br /><em>Abstract<strong> - </strong></em><strong>Despite the popularity of Pramoedya Ananta Toer as a promninent and controversial Indonesian literary figure, his prestigious short story anthology entitled Cerita dari Blora seems rather poorly understudied. By far, the existing literary criticism on this work provides highly contextual and subjective interpretation. This paper then is aimed to reading closely Yang Sudah Hilang, one of short story from the anthology. Question raised here is how does language of the text build representation of referent scene or situation model. This study uses cognitive semiotics text processing, an approach that takes account objective evidence and experientially-based inference. Conscious mode principle, proposed by Chafe (1994), is employed as theoretical perspective in drawing interpretation. It is argued that language in the text built a situation model wherein protagonist is simultaneously memorizing her loss and telling to readers her fragmented past in conversational mode. Moreover, despite her introspection the protagonist does not seem aware what brings her to the present moment where she is already losing important people of her life. In general, the situation model argued may be offered as a standard interpretation of Yang sudah Hilang which is far from subjectivity and derived from meaning experience triggered by language.</strong></p><p><em><strong>Keywords</strong> - Cognitive Semiotics Text Processing, Situation Model, Conscious Mode, Dramatic Irony</em></p>

This paper discusses about how ‘Enola Holmes’ film is a diegetic extension that represents feministic ideas. Intend to explain the relation between the feministic ideas and the concept of postmodernism. It is argued that the narrative of Enola Holmes reuses and recycles narrative of Sherlock Holmes in form of pastiche so to extend the pre-existing grand narrative of Sherlock Holmes. The extension makes it possible to render a portrayal of independent and self-determined female detective.

<p><strong><span>This study measures the level of acquired information about MBKM Programs from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology among the students of the English Language and Culture Study Program at the University of Al-Azhar Indonesia. It employed a quantitative method in which data was drawn from a population survey. The population survey was conducted using the Spadadikti questionnaire for data collection. This study looks into particular data in response to question 1, that is to what extent students are aware of Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy. The response data were attained on the Likert Scale. The population consisted of students who were registered as active students for the academic year 2015-2021 (first semester, third semester, fifth semester, and seventh semester). The first two semesters were classified as “MBKM non-targeted students” whereas the later semesters were “MBKM-targeted students”. This study hypothesized that MBKM-targeted students would likely be more knowledgeable about MBKM Programs, while it would vice versa for MBKM non-targeted students. The result suggests the level of acquired information about MBKM programs is equally low. In other words, students of English Language and Culture at the University of Al-Azhar Indonesia are not necessarily aware of the programs, regardless of whether they are intended to join them. This implies the study program has yet to find a means to socialize the information about MBKM optimally.</span></strong></p><p><em><strong>Keywords - </strong></em><em>Culture Study Program, English Language, Information, Implementation, Likert Scale, MBKM, Non-Targeted, Survey Spadadikti</em>, <em>Targeted Students</em><em></em></p>

This paper theorizes the relationship of fake news with socio-textual dynamics, text parameters, and intentionality. Introspection was applied to analyze 57 texts reported as fake news on April 2020 and June 2020 by the Indonesian Ministry of Communication and Informatics. Forwarded Whatsapp messages and a frequently downloaded and spread video were also introspected. This paper proposes a few hypothetical arguments (1) fake news is a genre that emerges from socio-textual dynamics whose development entails social acceptance and rejection of a precedent genre that will be coined as "rumor news", (2) textuality of both rumour news consists of linguistic and non-linguistic elements that are likely to activate news event frame upon reading the text, which may arguably have the attention-grabbing effect that distracts readers analytical capacity crucial for critical thinking, (3) the parametrical differences between rumour news and fake news illustrate the dynamic of genre, text, and social situation of both texts, suggesting their development and stability as two different text-types, and (4) in anonymity, rumour news creator violates the semantic and pragmatic principle of illocutionary acts with deceptive intent and the use of profound utterance while disposing naïve propagator to bear responsibility for the fabrication given in fake news.