It was argued that the coronavirus pandemic is likely to lead to an increase in the occurrence of domestic violence incidents against women, while victims are forced to quarantine at home with potentially abusive family members. In this context, it was found that women living in rural areas are at increased risk. In defining their vulnerability was observed least school years, black race and young age (young women) of raped and abused women. The spouse was also identified as the main aggressor, who practiced physical violence, with recurrence, within the victim's own residence, associated with the abusive use of alcoholic beverages. It has alerted the world to this problem and called attention to the need to promote strategies to protect women. It is known that women and men experience pandemics in different ways and those circumstances, in addition to strengthening situations of women's vulnerability, tend to aggravate family tensions, especially in families with a history of recurrent domestic violence.
A violência está presente em muitas realidades e grupos sociais. Por isso, este estudo busca caracterizar a violência contra as mulheres moradoras de zona rural de Minas Gerais. Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, com dados secundários registrados pelo Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) de 2008 a 2017. Em 2015 foi o ano com o maior número de notificações de violência contra mulheres entre 25 e 39 anos (47,8%), negras (56,92%) e menos escolarizadas (40,43%). As vítimas foram agredidas principalmente na face (31,5%), o agressor era do sexo masculino (70,41%), e a violência foi praticada na residência da própria vítima (81%), sem o uso de arma de fogo. Além disso, 45% das mulheres relataram que a violência era recorrente e que em 39% dos casos o agressor fazia uso de álcool antes da agressão. A maioria dos casos de violência contra moradoras rurais foi psicológica e/ou moral.
Objetivo: Realizar uma investigação bibliográfica sobre programas voltados para a promoção da saúde vocal do professor no ambiente escolar podem prevenir disfonias e impactar na melhoria da qualidade de vida do docente. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, em um aspecto qualitativo. Optou-se por buscas no banco de periódicos da capes, Scielo, assim como nos periódicos científicos, sites e revistas das áreas da saúde e educação, produções específicas para avaliação neste ensaio. Os critérios de inclusão para os estudos foram: trabalhos publicados no período de 2011 a 2022, com propostas de programas e ações voltados para a saúde vocal, saúde vocal no ambiente escolar e legislações em torno dessa temática. Resultados: A análise resultou em dezoito trabalhos, ficando evidenciado que os programas em saúde vocal impactam diretamente na qualidade de vida do docente e no bom desempenho das suas atividades laborais. Destacando-se, no entanto, que ainda há carência de legislação federal que regulamente a efetivação de políticas públicas públicas voltadas para saúde vocal do professor no ambiente escolar. Conclusão: Os distúrbios vocais e disfonias estão presentes em grande parte dos diagnósticos de professores. A literatura analisada evidencia que a implementação de programas de saúde vocal no ambiente escolar impactam diretamente na qualidade de vida do docente, bem como no seu desempenho funcional. Sugere-se que pesquisas futuras com esta temática sejam realizadas, sendo fundamental o fomento de políticas públicas que visem a promoção da saúde vocal e bem-estar do docente no ambiente de trabalho.
According to the Ministry of Justice and Public Security, Brazil is fourth in the world position in relation to the absolute size of female prison population, with 42.000 women deprived of freedom (2016), behind the United States, China and Russia. Around 50% are young (< 29 years old), 62% are black and 66% have not yet attended high school. This study aimed to characterize the profile of women incarcerated in a penitentiary in the interior of Brazil, through the survey of sociodemographic data, education, health, legal and life expectations. This is a descriptive and exploratory study conducted with 68 women (20 to 67 years old) in 2019 and 2020. Most women declared themselves black or brown (56%), incomplete elementary school (42%), have work experience (73%). Around 69% reported needing health treatment and 76% have already used psychoactive substances including alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, cocaine or crack. The main reasons that led to the arrest were drug trafficking (54%) and theft (26%) and the majority (53%) are repeat offenders in prison system. Regarding the biggest dream of life, the main answers were related to family life (44%), having a job (26%) and access to education (20%). With these results, an extension project was proposed to offer a professional qualification in vegetable gardens, aromatic and medicinal plants for women prisoners. In addition to professional qualification, the project is dedicated to promoting debates on map of life, ethics, human relations, citizenship, gender, women's rights and health, quality of life, body and verbal expression, digital inclusion, food and nutrition security, entrepreneurship, cooperativism, solidary economy, rights and duties of the worker, aiming at better employment conditions. This research contributed to articulate actions between university and society, empower women through access to education and allowed the work team to develop competencies related to collaborative work and interdisciplinarity. Key messages This study aimed to characterize the profile of women incarcerated in a penitentiary in Brazil, through the survey of sociodemographic data, education, health, legal and life expectations. This research contributed to articulate actions between university-society, empower incarcerated women through access to education and allowed the work team collaborative and interdisciplinarity work.
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