important for breeding programs that considerably influence animal productivity as well as the quality of meat and milk.

Campomanesia adamantium is an endemic plant of Cerrado biome that has potential for cultivation because its fruits have culinary and medicinal uses. However, genetic diversity studies using molecular markers with Cerrado species are scarce, and the inadequate extractive exploitation of fruits and the expansion of agricultural frontiers may also affect genetic variability. Therefore, studies in this field are of interest as they can provide sources for conservation and breeding programs. In this context, we investigated the genetic diversity of native populations of C. adamantium from different sites and the relationship between genetic variability and the land use and land cover of each site. A total of 207 plants were sampled in seven sites and characterized with seven polymorphic microsatellite markers. The use and coverage of land were mapped based on aerial images, and the land was classified into different categories. The genetic diversity was high in all populations, with low levels of differentiation due to allele sharing, mainly in Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraguay populations. The geographically closest populations were more genetically similar. The use and coverage of land indicated that intense agriculture promotes a significant decrease in genetic variability.

Premise A novel set of nuclear microsatellite markers was developed and characterized for Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae) and tested for cross‐amplification in the related species C. sessiliflora. Methods and Results Forty‐one primer pairs were designed for simple sequence repeat loci, of which 36 successfully amplified and were polymorphic. The number of alleles ranged from two to 14, with an average of 8.14 alleles per locus. Additionally, cross‐amplification was tested in C. sessiliflora; more than 55.5% of the microsatellite loci amplified, confirming the use of these microsatellite markers in a related species. Conclusions We developed a set of microsatellite markers that will be useful for future studies of genetic diversity and population structure of C. adamantium and a closely related species, which will aid in future conservation efforts.

Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg seeds (guavira) are recalcitrant and rapidly lose viability upon removal from the fruit, making difficult the long-term storage. In vitro germination could be used as an important tool to overcome the issues related to this short viability. It might help seed conservation and species propagation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro germination of guavira seeds collected from different sites and stored under different conditions. Also, the sowing of these seeds in MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) was evaluated. Seeds from the local garden were treated with: 0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, or 4.0 mg L -1 GA 3 . Seeds from a local farmer's market were treated with: 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10 mg L -1 GA 3 . We evaluated the germination rate, the average length of the shoot and main root, and the number of leaves. The C. adamantium seeds were sown immediately after harvest and treated with GA 3 , regardless concentration, increased germination rate by at least 10%, whereas 1.0 mg L -1 GA 3 resulted in 100% germination. The shoot length increased linearly with increasing concentration of the growth regulator. Different concentrations of GA 3 had no effect on the development of the main root and leaves. Seeds acquired from a local farmer's market showed lower germination rate than those sown immediately after harvesting, and did not differ in the rate of germination under different treatments with GA 3 . Furthermore, around 25% of those seedlings had abnormal leaf morphology. C. adamantium seeds stored at 4°C and -20°C for 60 days did not germinate successfully, suggesting that seeds under cold storage conditions cannot be used for germplasm purposes.

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