A new species of Quercus (Fagaceae), Q. ngochoaensis, from Ba Vi National Park, Ha Noi, northern Vietnam is described and illustrated. This species is morphologically similar to Q. glauca in having glabrous twigs, cuneate leaf base, two or three fruits per infructescence, almost entire margin of lamellate rings on cupule except the lowest three rings, slightly convex scar at the base of a nut. However, it differs from Q. glauca in having smaller leaves, cup-shaped cupule enclosing 1/2–2/3 of the nut, 7–8 lamellate rings on cupule, and subglobose nut. In addition to the description, DNA barcodes of the two partial plastid regions of matK, rbcL and the nuclear region of ITS of the new species are provided.

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A new species, Quercus sontraensis Ngoc, Binh & Son is described from Son Tra Nature Reserve, Son Tra Peninsula, Central Vietnam. We examined the morphology and constructed a highly resolved phylogeny of Q. sontraensis and its relatives (including Q. langbianensis and Q. cambodiensis) using Multiplex ISSR genotyping by sequencing (MIG-seq). The morphological analyses and molecular evidence support the distinction between the new species (Q. sontraensis) and its relatives.

Begonia kimlongii is described as a new species endemic to Vietnam, from the montane forests of Dak Lak Province. It is mostly similar with Begonia cucphuongensis but can be distinguished by the oblanceolate to obovate leaves, terminal inflorescence with dimorphic bracts and 5-tepaled pistillate flowers. Using IUCN criteria, B. kimlongii is proposed to be Data Deficient (DD).

Conamomum vietnamense, a new species of Zingiberaceae, is described and illustrated from Tay Nguyen (Central Highlands), Vietnam. It is most similar to C. odorum and C. rubidum, but differs in having well-developed stilt roots, elliptic leaf blades, narrowly ovate bracts, abaxially pubescent bracteoles, longer calyx with 2 truncate lobes, broadly obovate to orbicular glabrous labellum, longer filament and glabrous style. Data on distribution, habitat, vernacular name, conservation status and a colour plate of the new species, along with a key to distinguish the species of Conamomum in Cambodia and Vietnam are given.