Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de ovos acondicionados em diferentes tipos de embalagens e armazenados em postos de comercialização no município de São João del-Rei, ao longo de 35 dias. Foram utilizados 360 ovos brancos oriundos de poedeiras da linhagem HyLine W36, distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x3x5 (dois locais de armazenamento/supermercados (S1 e S2), 3 tipos de embalagem (isopor (Iso), plástico (Plas) e celulose (Cel)) e cinco períodos de avaliação: 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias), totalizando 30 tratamentos com quatro repetições, composta de 3 ovos cada. Os dados obtidos para cada parâmetro foram submetidos a análises de variância, adotando-se nível de significância de 5%. Em caso de significância estatística (P<0,05) para interação entre o período, tipo de embalagens e supermercado, foram ajustados modelos de regressão linear ou quadrático para as variáveis resposta. A perda de peso, altura do albúmen, diâmetro médio do albúmen e unidade Haugh apresentaram interação (p<0,05) entre Período, Supermercado e Embalagens.A gravidade específica reduziu (p<0,05) a partir do 21° dia de estocagem. O pH de gema e albúmen e taxa de casca, não foram afetados (p>0,05) pelo tipo de embalagem. Os ovos avaliados aos 35 dias apresentaram pH da e taxa de gema elevados (p<0,05) e pH e taxa do albúmen reduzidos (p<0,05). O período de estocagem interfere negativamente nas características de qualidade interna dos ovos. A embalagem de plástico e isopor apresentam melhores resultados na manutenção da qualidade dos ovos no decorrer do tempo, sendo a primeira mais indicada. O local onde os ovos são armazenados influencia na qualidade do ovo. Houve diferença entre os supermercados.

The apparent calcium (Ca) digestibility coefficient (ADC) and true digestibility coefficient (TDC) of different inorganic calcium sources were determined in laying hens of different ages. Three Ca digestibility tests were carried out, each assessing 240 Lohmann Brown lineage laying hens distributed in a completely randomized design. Nine dietary treatments were arranged in a 3 × 3 factorial design consisting of three ages (40, 50 and 70 weeks) × three Ca (dicalcium phosphate (DCP) sources, fine (FL) and coarse (CL)) limestone, comprising eight replicates per treatment of six birds per experimental unit. Regarding the DCP, the ADC was higher (P < 0.05) in 40-week-old birds. The DCP ADC for 40-, 50-and 70-week-old birds was 0.889, 0.613 and 0.712, respectively. No effect (P > 0.05) of age on the ADC was noted for either FL or CL. Comparing Ca sources, DCP exhibited a higher (P < 0.05) ADC (0.889), followed by FL (0.699) and CL (0.515), in 40-week-old birds. DCP (0.712) and FL (0.652) presented (P < 0.05) higher ADC compared to CL (0.482), in 70-week-old birds. No effect of Ca sources at 50 weeks on the ADC was observed (P > 0.05). Endogenous loss values of 790, 860 and 930 mg•kg −1 of consumed dry matter were observed at 40, 50 and 70 weeks, respectively. For the TDC, no interaction (P > 0.05) was observed between Ca sources and bird age. The highest TDC value (P > 0.05) was found in birds fed DCP (0.786) followed by FL (0.637) and CL (0.534). In addition, birds at 40 weeks of age (0.714) exhibited higher TDC values (P < 0.05) compared to animals at 50 weeks of age (0.608). The findings reported herein demonstrate that the true digestibility is greater in the youngest birds and that consumed the DCP and the FL in relation to the birds that consumed the CL.

Three experiments were carried out to verify the effects of the enzyme phytase, alone or combined with an enzyme complex, in diets deficient in available phosphorus (AP), calcium (Ca), and metabolizable energy (ME) on broiler performance, ME, and dietary amino acid digestibility. A total of 1,538 male Cobb 500 broilers were allocated to the three experiments, each of which consisted of five treatments: positive control (PC; basal ration); negative control 1 (NC1; PC minus 0.15% of AP, 0.16% of Ca, and 68 kcal kg-1 ME); negative control 2 (NC2; PC minus 0.15% of AP, 0.16% of Ca, and 101 kcal kg-1 of ME); NC1 plus phytase; and NC2 plus phytase plus enzymatic complex. Body weight gain (WG) and feed intake were measured from 1-21 days and from 1-42 days, and the corrected feed conversion rate (FCR) for mortality was calculated. In the second and third experiments, the apparent ME corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) and standardized digestibility of amino acids, respectively, were determined, for the diets supplemented with phytase and the enzymatic complex. In the first experiment, enzyme supplementation increased (p < 0.05) WG at 21 days and 42 days relative to the negative controls. Phytase inclusion improved (p < 0.05) FCR at the initial phase compared to the NC1 diet. In the second experiment, enzyme supplementation did not affect (p > 0.05) AMEn. In the third experiment, both enzyme treatments improved (p < 0.05) the digestibility of amino acids in the supplemented diets compared to the deficient diets. Supplementation with phytase and carbohydrases preserves the performance of broilers fed diets deficient in AP, Ca, and ME and improves amino acid digestibility.

Objetivou-se determinar a composição bromatológica de rações secas para cães comparando os resultados analisados com as informações declaradas em seus respectivos rótulos. Foram adquiridas em casas de rações e pet shops da cidade de São João del- Rei 21 alimentos completos para cães a fim de se proceder a avaliação da composição nutricional, sendo 15 para cães adultos e seis para filhotes, fabricadas por 14 empresas diferentes. Realizaram-se análises bromatológicas para determinar os teores de proteína bruta (PB), extrato etéreo (EE), matéria mineral (MM), matéria seca (MS) e fibra bruta (FB). Os níveis de garantia de umidade máxima demonstraram estar 100% dentro dos padrões em todos os seguimentos comerciais. Todavia, os níveis de MM resultaram em 85,7%; 57,1% e 100% dentro dos padrões para os seguimentos Standard, Premium e Super premium respectivamente. Para PB os resultados foram 100% de conformidade, para Super premium e 71,4% de conformidade para Standard e Premium. Os resultados de EE comparados com os valores observados nos rótulos, foram Standard com 71,4%, Premium 54,1% e Super premium com apenas 28,5% de conformidade. Por fim, para FB, 85,7% das amostras Standard e também, o mesmo valor para Premium se mostraram dentro dos padrões de comparação rótulo/análises. Pode-se concluir que as rações secas para cães filhotes e adultos atendem a maioria dos limites máximo e mínimo exigidos pelo MAPA. Entretanto, há deficiência na rotulagem em relação às informações fornecidas dos níveis de garantia, podendo levar os consumidores ao erro no momento de escolha da ração.

Apparent calcium (Ca) retention and digestibility coefficients are affected by limestone particle size in the diet of laying hens. This study aimed to determine the apparent retention and digestibility coefficients of Ca in limestone of different particle sizes in laying hens. The study comprised 288 Lohmann Brown laying hens (50 weeks of age; 1,964 ± 98 g) distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement [three Ca concentrations (10, 20, and 30 g kg -1 ) × two limestone particle sizes (480 and 1,978 µm)] with eight repetitions per treatment and six birds per experimental unit. The experiment included five days for adaptation and five days for total excreta collection. All birds were slaughtered at the end of the ten days to collect the ileal contents. The total or ileal Ca content was plotted against the Ca of diets concentration using linear regression analysis. The regression line slope represented the apparent retention (CaR) and digestibility coefficients of Ca (CaD) in limestone. There was interaction between Ca concentration in the diet and limestone granulometry on CaD (p = 0.001) and CaR (p < 0.001). The CaD and CaR of fine-and coarsegrained limestone increased linearly with increasing Ca concentrations in the diet. The apparent digestibility coefficients estimated for laying hens fed with fine-grained and coarse-grained limestone were 0.72 and 0.35, respectively. The apparent retention coefficients estimated for laying hens fed fine-grained and coarse-grained limestone were 0.96 and 0.47, respectively.