No abstract

Resumo: A utilização de resíduo de fibra natural em substituição à fibra de vidro foi avaliada. Foram estudados compósitos de polietileno de alta densidade, HDPE, e fibra de bananeira com 10, 20, 30 e 40% (m/m) de fibra. Compósitos com fibra de vidro, mesma matriz polimérica e nas mesmas proporções, foram preparados para comparação. Os compósitos foram obtidos em extrusora dupla-rosca co-rotacional interpenetrante e os corpos de prova foram preparados por injeção. As propriedades mecânicas sob tração, flexão e impacto foram avaliadas. As propriedades térmicas foram analisadas por calorimetria diferencial de varredura (DSC) e análise termogravimétrica (TG). A incorporação de fibra de bananeira no HDPE resultou no aumento de cristalinidade do polímero. Houve, também, considerável aumento no grau de reforço mecânico nos compósitos pela incorporação da fibra natural. Foi possível comprovar a substituição da fibra de vidro pela fibra de bananeira em determinados percentuais, quando misturados ao HDPE, sem prejuízo às propriedades. A análise termogravimétrica dos compósitos mostrou que o início de degradação se deu numa faixa de temperatura intermediária entre a da fibra e a da matriz polimérica. Palavras-chave: Fibra de bananeira, polietileno de alta densidade, compósitos. Mechanical and Thermal Behavior of Composites Based on High Density Polyethylene and Banana Tree FiberAbstract: The use of banana tree fiber instead of glass fiber in polyethylene composites was evaluated. Composites of high density polyethylene with 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt. % of banana fiber were investigated. For comparison, composites with glass fiber, with the same polymeric matrix and proportions, were prepared. The samples were produced using an intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder and injection molding. The mechanical properties investigated were the tensile, flexural and impact resistances of the composite. Thermal analyses were carried out by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG). The incorporation of fiber resulted in an increase in the composite degree of crystallinity. A considerable increase in mechanical reinforcement was achieved by incorporation of banana fiber in the composites. Thus, the replacement of fiberglass by banana fiber is possible when the components are used in specific proportions. Thermogravimetric analysis of the composites showed intermediate degradation temperatures between the values for banana fiber and polymeric matrix.

No abstract

No abstract

Tires are complex materials manufactured from vulcanized rubber and various other reinforcing materials. One billion end-of-life tires (ELTs) are discarded annually, drawing attention from society. Options for their disposal include reuse, retreading, regeneration, co-processing, pyrolysis, and recycling; however, the ideal alternative has yet to be established. Life cycle assessment (LCA) has been used to quantify their impact and support the decision-making process, in order to determine the most beneficial alternative from an environmental standpoint. Scientific studies on LCA have been carried out on different continents, mainly Europe, Asia, and America. The aim of this chapter was to review studies on the life cycle assessment of end-of-life tire disposal. The main treatment and final destination options were reviewed as well as the most important limitations and aspects of the technologies studied. The most common form of disposal is recycling, with mechanical recycling for use in synthetic grass exhibiting the best environmental performance according to scientific research. Energy recovery also shows good performance, largely due to the emissions prevented through energy conversion. Co-processed and retreaded tires are regularly used for comparison but typically display poor environmental performance in relation to the first two alternatives.