At a resolution of 400-microm pixels or higher across the field of view and a luminance of 260 cd/m(2) or more, primary diagnosis with posteroanterior chest radiographs is not likely to be affected by the quality of display.

CES in combination with TEF is not rare and usually produces clinical symptoms. The diagnosis may be missed or delayed unless specifically evaluated surgically and radiologically. Esophageal dilatation in CES is potentially hazardous with a high risk of perforation, especially in young children.

Trigonocephaly is a relatively rare deformity of the skull characterized by triangular prominence of the bones of the forehead and orbital hypotelorism. Long-term results in a group of patients with clinical and radiographic follow-up are analyzed, the radiographic findings reviewed, and possible etiologies discussed. The etiologic relationship between premature synostosis of the metopic suture and trigonocephaly is questioned. Uncomplicated trigonocephaly is a self-limited, self-correcting deformity, and a normal cosmetic appearance develops without surgical treatment. Surgical craniectomy as treatment for uncomplicated trigonocephaly is not indicated on the basis of the authors' experience.

No abstract