As the capital city of Indonesia, Jakarta has eight satellite cities as the supporting areas, namely Bogor Regency, Bogor City, Depok City, Tangerang City, Tangerang Regency, South Tangerang City, Bekasi City, and Bekasi Regency. The rapid urbanization in Jakarta is driving the growth of these areas. One of the impacts of urban growth is the land cover change that can be observed through multitemporal satellite imagery. This study analyses the land cover change within 20 years in urban and non-urban areas. The data used are Landsat satellite imagery and Indonesian base maps validated by ESRI World Imagery. In this study, satellite imagery is processed into predetermined classes. The analysis process by comparing land cover classes between 2001 and 2021 and calculating the area of each class in each regency/city. The results show that dense and evenly distributed urban growth occurs throughout the “City” area. Attention must be given to the government of Bekasi City, Tangerang City, South Tangerang City, and Depok City because the built area already exceeds 70% of the city area.

Abstrak Terhitung sejak 1945 – 2017, baru sekitar 48% dari 977 segmen batas daerah di Indonesia yang disahkan melalui Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri tentang batas daerah. Pengelolaan batas wilayah daerah sangat penting untuk berbagai urusan pembangunan misalnya        pengelolaan sumber daya alam. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengusulkan pendekatan baru untuk mendukung pengelolaan batas wilayah yang efisien yaitu melalui segmentasi berbasis tipologi batas wilayah. Tahapan analisis meliputi: membandingkan, memotong, dan mengelompokkan garis batas. Single Buffer Overlay Method digunakan untuk membandingkan unsur geografis pada Peta Rupabumi          Indonesia (data referensi) dan garis batas 2017 (data yang diuji). Selanjutnya, dilakukan pemotongan garis sesuai hasil perbandingan. Pada akhirnya, garis tersebut dikelaskan berdasarkan tipologinya (igir, jalan, dan sungai) menggunakan metode SQL (Structured Query Language). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas (41,8%) batas daerah di Indonesia tidak menggunakan unsur geografis tertentu sebagai penanda batasnya, sedangkan persentase penanda batas berupa sungai 35,9%, igir 16,4%, dan jalan 5,8%.   Abstract Since 1945 – 2017, only 48% of 977 regional borderlines of Indonesia were legalized by The Ministry of Home Affairs. Properly  managed intra-national boundaries are fundamental for development purposes e.g. natural resource management. Therefore, this research proposed a new approach to help managing the boundary efficiently through typology-based borderlines segmentation which was conducted by some stages: compare, split, and classify lines. Single Buffer Overlay Method used for comparison purpose by utilizing some geographical features on a topographic map as a referenced dataset and boundary line (2017 database) as a tested dataset. Then we split the lines based on the comparison result. Finally, each split line was classified into border typologies (road, ridge, and stream) by using the SQL (Structured Query Language) method. We found that most of The Indonesian administrative boundary segments (41.8%) did not use a geographical    feature, while the boundary on the rivers 35.9%, ridges 16.4%, and roads 5.8%.

This research aims to protect Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data from piracy or counterfeiting. An invisible watermark inserted into the data, which will not considerably change the data value, is necessary. The proposed method involves the use of the two-dimensional discrete cosine transform (2D DCT), a combination of 2D DCT and discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform (2D DFT) in the frequency domain. The data used include a National DEM file downloaded from the geoportal of the Geospatial Information Agency (Badan Informasi Geospasial—BIG). Three files represent mountainous, lowland/urban, and coastal areas. An “attack” is also conducted on the watermarked DEM by cropping. The results indicate that the watermarked DEM is well recognized. The watermark can be read 100% for 2D DCT, while that for 2D DFT can be read 90.50%. The distortion value of the elevation data under the DCT technique demonstrates the smallest maximum value of 0.1 m compared with 4.5 and 1.1 m for 2D DFT and 2D DCT–DWT. Meanwhile, the height difference (Max Delta), the peak signal-to-noise ratio, and the root mean squared error (RMSE) are highest in mountainous, lowland, and coastal areas, respectively. Overall, the 2D DCT is also superior to the 2D DFT and the2D DCT–DWT. Although only one can recognize the nine watermarks inserted on each sheet, DEMs attacked by the cropping process can still be identified. However, this finding can sufficiently confirm that DEMs belong to BIG.

Food waste generation is a severe problem in Indonesia today. Providing food waste processing facilities that are evenly distributed and reach service areas is essential. This step can lead to developing green cities that harmonize the circular economy and ecological civil aspects. This study aims to identify the location of food waste processing and the range of services to the service area (community settlements). The method used is spatial analysis. The research location is in Ciamis Regency. The results showed that currently, there are 58 locations spread over 24 sub-districts in Ciamis Regency. Food waste processing facilities have not been spread evenly because three districts still do not have waste processing facilities. The number of existing waste processing facilities is not evenly distributed. If viewed from the coverage of the service area (settlement), the existing food waste processing facilities can only meet 23.58% of the existing residential area. Collaboration between the government, the community, and the private sector is needed to build food waste processing facilities that are evenly distributed and reach all service areas. The concept of a circular economy in the food waste management system must be considered to create sustainable food waste management.