Senyawa derivat phthalimide dilaporkan sebagai kelas baru inhibitor nonnukleosida reverse transcriptase. Analisis docking molekuler senyawa derivat phthalimide terhadap enzim reverse transcriptase diperlukan untuk mengetahui afinitas dan pola interaksi antara senyawa di atas dengan enzim reverse transcriptase. Senyawa derivat phthalimide dioptimasi geometri menggunakan perangkat lunak VegaZZ selanjutnya dilakukan dengan cara preparasi target, preparasi ligan, validasi metode docking, dan analisis docking menggunakan PyRx-Python 0.8 - AutoDock Vina sehingga didapatkan interaksi ligan dengan target, energi bebas pengikatan, ikatan hidrogen, dan pola interaksi. Pola interaksi dilihat dari tiga puluh tiga senyawa derivat phthalimide dengan enzim reverse transcriptase menunjukkan ikatan hidrogen dengan asam amino Lys101 dimana interaksi tersebut mirip dengan interaksi senyawa TIBO R 86183 yang merupakan ligan asli protein target.
Diabetes mellitus adalah penyakit degeneratif yang terjadi karena adanya gangguan produksi insulin sehingga terjadi peningkatan kadar insulin. Prevalensi kejadian Diabetes mellitus terus meningkat karena gaya hidup yang kurang baik. Pasien dengan penyakit diabetes mellitus harus menjalani pengobatan seumur hidup dan membutuhkan obat yang tepat dan rasional agar tujuan terapi tercapai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil penggunaan antidiabetes dan rasionalitas penggunaan obat antidiabetes melitus pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 yang menjalani rawat jalan di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode cross sectional dan pengambilan data dilaksanakan dengan cara retrospektif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah obat antidiabetes diberikan secara kombinasi dengan antiabetes oral atapun dengan insulin. Rasionalitas tepat penggunaan obat didapatkan hasil tepat diagnosis sebesar 100%, tepat indikasi 100%, tepat obat 100%, tepat dosis 100%, dan tepat interval waktu pemberian 100%. Kata kunci: antidiabetes, diabetes mellitus tipe 2, rasional, rsud dr. moewardi ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease that occurs due to impaired insulin production resulting in increased insulin levels. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus continues to increase due to unfavorable lifestyles. Patients with diabetes mellitus must undergo lifelong treatment and need appropriate and rational drugs so that therapeutic goals are achieved. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of antidiabetic use and the rationality of antidiabetic drug use in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients undergoing outpatient care at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. This research was conducted using the method cross sectional and data collection was carried out retrospectively. The results of this study are anti-diabetic drugs given in combination with oral anti-diabetics or with insulin. Rationality for the right drug use results in the right diagnosis of 100%, the right indication 100%, the right drug 100%, the right dose 100%, and the right time interval for giving 100%. Keywords: antidiabetic, diabetes mellitus type 2, rational, rsud dr. moewardi
Turi putih (Sesbania grandiflora L) merupakan tanaman yang termasuk dalam famili Fabaceae. Turi putih (Sesbania grandiflora L) mengandung banyak senyawa metabolit sekunder meliputi alkaloid, saponin, tanin, steroid, triterpenoid, fenolik dan flavonoid (Nista et al., 2010). Namun dalam kalangan masyarakat pemanfaatan turi putih (Sesbania grandiflora L) digunakan sebagai tanaman hias dan bunga turi putih (Sesbania grandiflora L) sebagai bahan makanan, turi putih (Sesbania grandiflora L) juga memiliki manfaat lain yaitu sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kadar flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan batang dan daun turi putih (Sesbania grandiflora L) yang diekstraksi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 95%. Penetapan kadar flavonoid dengan menggunakan metode kolorimetri dengan kontrol positif yaitu kuersetin. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan menggunakan metode ABTS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol batang turi putih (Sesbania grandiflora L) sebesar 12,08 mg/L dan kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol daun turi putih (Sesbania grandiflora L) sebesar 11,28 mg/L. Serta ekstrak etanol batang, daun dan kombinasi ekstrak etanol batang dan daun turi putih (Sesbania grandiflora L) memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 berturut-turut sebesar 36,519 mg/L, 37,438 mg/L, dan 40,860 mg/L.
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition caused by increasing glucose level in blood. Long term use of antidiabetic drugs can cause various unwanted side effects, which makes people with diabetes try to use natural materials to control blood glucose levels. The aim of this study was to determine the antidiabetic activity of ethanol extract guava leaves (Psidium guajava) on male mice with alloxan induction. Mice were induced intravenously by alloxan dose of 160 mg/kg bw. After 7 days, mice were diabetic (blood glucose levels > 175 mg/dL) and were divided into 5 groups: negative control group (only treated with CMC-Na) ,positive control group (glibenclamide 0.65 mg/kg bw) and the 3 other groups were given ethanol extract guava leaves (Psidium guajava) at doses of 150 ,300 and 600 mg/kg bw. Dosage administered for 15 days and blood glucose levels was checked every 3 days using a glucotest. Data were analyzed by LSD (Least Significant Difference). Ethanol extract guava leaves (Psidium guajava) at doses of 150 ,300 and 600 mg/kg bw can lower blood sugar levels from day 3 to day 15 and was significantly different compared to the negative control group (p<0,05). Ethanol extract guava leaves (Psidium guajava) at doses of 150 ,300 and 600 mg/kg bw showed antidiabetic activity on male mice with alloxan induction.
Phthalimide derivate compounds was reported as a new class of nonnucleoside reverse tranckriptase inhibitors. The aim of this research is to determine the prediction of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) as well as the toxicity test of phthalimide-derived compounds which have the best potential as HIV-1 reverse transcriptase enzyme inhibitors. This study used an in silico approach to predict oral bioavailability and toxicity. The prediction of the ADME in this study using SwissADME which is run online where thirty-three phthalimide derivate compounds have molecular weight, hydrogen donor and acceptor bond, and log P that meet the criteria of Lipinski Rules. Prediction of toxicity in this study using in silico method with Toxtree v1.60 and it is known that phthalimide derivate compounds are not carcinogenic and mutagenic.
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