Ionic-Imprinted Chitosan/Chlorella biomass sorbent (IICCb)

Research on the use of the oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) as an adsorbent for free fatty acid (FFA) adsorption on Crude Palm Oil (CPO) has been done. CPO is the main raw material in the manufacture of food products. The results of OPEFB adsorbent characteristics showed the amount of water content and ash content of 0,067% and 0,175%, XRF analysis obtained the greatest content of OPEFB in the form potassium metal as much as 44,24%, FTIR analysis identified that there were CO3 compounds in wave number 1648 cm-1 and SEM analysis indicates there are no pores in OPEFB. The result showed that the number of OPEFB with the best adsorption was 0,1 gram with 60 minute optimum contact time. The CPO adsorption process with OPEFB shows the Langmuir model with a correlation value (R2) of 0,8845 and the adsorptions kinetics follows the pseudo order 2 adsorption kinetics model with a correlation value (R2) of 0,9857. The results of this study showed the characteristics of CPO before and after adsorbed using 0,1 g of adsorbent OPEFB showed the amount of FFA level of 7,321% to 6,297%, water content of 0,0025% to 0,00119% and impurities content of 0,8847% to 0,8408%.

Fly ash is one of the combustion residues from coal-fired power plants which is produced in large quantities. The main elemental composition of fly ash is silica and alumina with content of 48.055% and 14.653%, respectively. This study aims to determine the characteristics of zeolite A synthesized from fly ash with various ratios of SiO2 and Al2O3. Zeolite A was synthesized using the alkaline hydrothermal method by varying the Si/Al molar ratio of 0.8 1 and 1.2. The initial process begins with the leaching process of fly ash waste and is followed by alkaline smelting. Furthermore, zeolite A was synthesized by adding sodium silicate and sodium aluminate to form a white gel. These steps were followed by a hydrothermal process using a hydrothermal autoclave at a temperature of 100֯C for 5 hours. Qualitative results on XRD showed that zeolite A synthesized at a ratio of Si/Al 1,2 had a 2ϴ position closer to standard zeolite A, which was seen based on the highest peaks at 2ϴ=12,420, 16,070, 20,360, 21,590, 23,960, 26,070, 27,080, 29,910, 32,500, 41,480, 44,090, 52,540, 54,230 and 66,660 and the structure formed is in cubic form with a crystallinity of 76.36%. Analysis using XRF showed that the Si/Al 1.2 ratio was the best for the formation of zeolite A. In this variation the silica and alumina content increased by 54.412% and 35.054%, respectively

Pontianak peel fruit waste contains pectin, cellulose, and hemicellulose which can be used as heavy metal adsorbents by modifying using Ca(OH)2. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical characteristics of calcium-modified Pontianak Citrus adsorbents (JeP-Oca), determine the maximum capacity of Fe(II) adsorption by JeP-OCa, and JeP-OCa adsorption kinetics. The characteristics of the adsorbent were analyzed using the Fourier Transformation Infra Red (FTIR) showing the functional groups of –OH and -COOH, Electron Scanning (SEM) Microscopy showing the surface structure of the canal and many irregular niches. The adsorption isotherm method with the BET model showed a large difference in porous surface area, namely 104.872 m2/g for JeP, 242.649 m2/g for JeP-ONa and 3759.745 m2/g for JeP-OCa. Optimization of the influence of pH, adsorbent mass, adsorbate concentration, and time using the column method. Adsorption isotherm followed the Freundlich isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity value of 22.7272 mg/g. Fulfill the pseudo-order 2 reaction kinetics with a rate constant value of 4.097 L/mg. Min. The adsorption application using groundwater resulted in absorption efficiency of 82.99%.

Semikonduktor TiO2 sebagai anoda dalam dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) memiliki kelemahan yaitu hanya aktif bekerja pada radiasi sinar UV karena energi celah pita (Eg) TiO2 yang relatif besar yaitu 3,2 eV. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan modifikasi untuk mengubah struktur elektronik TiO2, agar dapat menurunkan Eg. Dalam penelitian ini, TiO2 didoping menggunakan atom N dari NH4OH dan kaolin terkalsinasi (KT) yang disintesis dari kaolin Capkala. Beberapa parameter yang dibahas yaitu karakteristik TiO2-N/KT hasil pendopingan, penurunan energi celah pita dari semikonduktor, dan hubungan antara Eg dari semikonduktor terhadap randemen konversi energi maksimum DSSC yang dihasilkan. Dye yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ekstrak kayu secang. Difraktogram XRD TiO2-N/KT menunjukkan posisi 2θ = 25,2790o yang menunjukkan keberadaan TiO2 dan 2θ = 26,6090oyang menunjukkankeberadaan SiO2 dari kaolin terkalsinasi. Analisis dengan FTIR menunjukkan penyerapan pada bilangan gelombang 680 cm-1 yang menunjukkan vibrasi ikatan Ti-N dan 1036,77 cm-1 yang menandakan bahwa adanya vibrasi regangan asimetris O-Si-O dan O-Al-O. Terjadi penurunan Eg dari 3,2 eV (TiO2 murni) menjadi  3,03 eV (TiO2-N/KT). Penurunan energi celah pita sebanding dengan besarnya randemen konversi energi maksimum dari sel surya yang dihasilkan yaitu sebesar 1,048 %, menunjukkan performansi lebih baik dibanding dengan DSSC dengan komponen anoda TiO2 murni (0,661%)