A reliable and accurate identification of the type of tumors is crucial to the proper treatment of cancers. In recent years, it has been shown that sparse representation (SR) by 1 l -norm minimization is robust to noise, outliers and even incomplete measurements, and SR has been successfully used for classification. This paper presents a new SR based method for tumor classification using gene expression data. A set of metasamples are extracted from the training samples, and then an input testing sample is represented as the linear combination of these metasamples by l 1 -regularized least square method. Classification is achieved by using a discriminating function defined on the representation coefficients. Since l 1 -norm minimization leads to a sparse solution, the proposed method is called metasample based SR classification (MSRC).Extensive experiments on publicly available gene expression datasets show that MSRC is efficient for tumor classification, achieving higher accuracy than many existing representative schemes.

This paper presents a new method for tumor classification using gene expression data. In the proposed method, we first select genes using nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) or sparse NMF (SNMF), and then we extract features from the selected genes by virtue of NMF or SNMF. At last, we apply support vector machines (SVM) to classify the tumor samples using the extracted features. In order for a better classification, a modified SNMF algorithm is also proposed. The experimental results on benchmark three microarray data sets validate that the proposed method is efficient. Moreover, the biological meaning of the selected genes are also analyzed.

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