La pandemia global ha provocado la mayor contracción en 200 años en América Latina y el Caribe, región que en los últimos años ya presentaba un crecimiento económico reducido y tensiones sociales al alza, debido a las brechas estructurales históricas en materia de desigualdades, diferencias en el acceso a servicios y derechos, limitado espacio fiscal y una reducida capacidad de redistribución, informalidad laboral y una productividad limitada. Si la Unión Europea quiere competir geoestratégicamente con China y Estados Unidos en América Latina y el Caribe, deberá apostar por los valores compartidos con la región, por el multilateralismo y la integración regional, por las políticas públicas y la economía social de mercado, por el Estado de derecho, y la cohesión social y territorial como garantes de estabilidad y condición previa para una recuperación verde y digital sostenible e inclusiva. Más allá de la reducida asignación presupuestaria para la región en el marco financiero 2021-2027 de la Unión Europea, el NDICI y el EFSD+ ofrecen a la Unión Europea las herramientas adecuadas para reforzar las alianzas con América Latina y el Caribe y contribuir a su desarrollo, siempre y cuando se apliquen mediante el prisma del principio del enfoque de políticas o policy first.
This document reviews Technical Cooperation and Public Sector Expertise as a modality of development cooperation that acquires particular relevance in the context of innovative mechanisms of cooperation with the countries of LatinAmerica, especially in the framework of the transformational processes that the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and the concept of “Development in Transition” imply. Some of the main innovations in these paradigms connect with genuine characteristics of public technical cooperation, such as the transfer of knowledge for policy making or the building of partnerships and trust in which public administrations play an increasing role. Therefore, a review of the evolution of public technical cooperation modalities in development cooperation is relevant for providing insights for the effective implementation of new approaches.In particular, public technical cooperation is discussed through three paradigmatic cases: Spanish cooperation with Latin America, the regional programs of the EU with Latin America, especially the case of EUROsociAL program, and Ibero-American cooperation.
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